O net-ativismo indígena e a covid-19: uma análise da página da articulação dos povos indígenas do Brasil no Instagram

Abstract

The research is dedicated to understanding how the Articulation of the Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (APIB) develops net-activism, based on the analysis of the APIB page on the digital social network Instagram, in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world since 2020. The study aims to understand the ways of facing Covid-19 disclosed in APIB’s profile, identify the themes disseminated in the page and reflect on communication as a strategic space for political articulation of subordinate groups. To understand the net-activist practices of indigenous peoples in Brazil, we will use the theoretical contributions of Di Felice (2012, 2013, 2017, 2018) on net-activism and Pereira (2007, 2017). The imaginary as atmosphere, collective expression and reflection of the group where the individual is inserted (MAFFESOLI 2001, 2006, 2020), the technologies of the imaginary (SILVA, 2020) are articulated as notions to understand the role of APIB in the pandemic period. As we investigate an ongoing phenomenon, the research was conducted with the methodological support of the Case Study (YIN, 2003), which proposes a combination of methods and techniques. Thus, we conducted semi-structured interviews, bibliographic research and analysis of 328 publications related to the pandemic from April to June 2020 using the Content Analysis methods proposed by Bardin (2011). The analysis of the publications is divided into three categories, dedicated to exploring the origin of the publications, the characteristics of the publications and the themes of the publications. Investigating the origin of the publications, of the 328, 52 % are authored by APIB and the remaining 48 % are from other profiles, including indigenous organizations, indigenous partners and environmentalists, evidencing a network of contacts and circular strengthening of these organizations. As characteristics, we listed the publications with informative character and those that call followers to actions, considering, based on Di Felice's contributions, that information is part of the mobilizing strategy. In the investigated period, the disclosure was the dominant characteristic, informing about prevention, disclosure of actions to combat the advance of the disease, events, and accountability. In the themes, APIB presented 7 main themes in this time period, with emphasis on the publications on Confronting Covid-19, and the dissemination of data in case bulletins. The content released by APIB from April 22 to June 22, 2020 also presents the diversity of the indigenous peoples of Brazil, evidenced by information in images and captions that highlight the peoples. Publications were also made in indigenous languages, influencing the current imaginary, taken by stereotypes and a generic vision of the indigenous peoples.