https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/1092 Wed, 16 Sep 2026 15:20:31 GMT 2026-09-16T15:20:31Z https://tede2.ufma.br:443/jspui/retrieve/1242/page_1_thumb_large.jpg https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/1092 https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7242 Título: Tecnologia educativa sobre o uso indiscriminado de benzodiazepínicos na atenção primária à saúde Autor: SANTOS, Karleno Loureiro dos Primeiro orientador: D´EÇA JÚNIOR, Aurean Abstract: Introduction: The indiscriminate use of benzodiazepines constitutes a significant challenge for Primary Health Care (PHC), especially in contexts marked by the medicalization of psychological suffering, the prolonged maintenance of psychotropic drugs, and the limited availability of non-pharmacological therapeutic approaches. These medications, widely used in the management of conditions such as anxiety and insomnia, when used for periods longer than recommended, can generate dependence, cognitive impairment, increased risk of falls, and significant impacts on the autonomy and quality of life of users. Objective: In this context, this dissertation aimed to develop an educational technology directed at users of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) regarding the indiscriminate use of benzodiazepines in a health center in a capital city in Northeast Brazil. Materials and Methods: This is an applied study, developed within the scope of a professional master's degree, which started from the identification of a priority problem in the daily routine of a Basic Health Unit. The definition of the theme occurred through the application of the GUT matrix (Gravity, Urgency, and Trend) with the multidisciplinary team, highlighting the indiscriminate use of benzodiazepines as a situation of clinical and organizational relevance in the territory. To support the construction of the educational technology, a scoping review was carried out with the objective of identifying and systematizing scientific evidence on the use of benzodiazepines in Primary Health Care. Results: The results pointed to persistent patterns of prolonged use of these medications, especially among women and the elderly, in addition to factors associated with indiscriminate prescription, such as work overload of the teams, fragility of the Psychosocial Care Network, insufficient training in mental health, and predominance of care practices centered on medication. Relevant clinical and social consequences were also identified, including medication dependence, cognitive impairment, and reduced user autonomy. Based on this evidence, an educational booklet was developed using accessible language and content grounded in scientific evidence, addressing aspects such as the definition and functioning of benzodiazepines, risks of indiscriminate use, warning signs of dependence, guidelines for safe use, and non-pharmacological therapeutic alternatives. The proposed educational technology has the potential to be used in health education actions, individual consultations, group activities, and continuing education processes for primary health care teams. Conclusion: It is concluded that the booklet constitutes a relevant tool to support strategies for promoting the rational use of benzodiazepines and to strengthen comprehensive mental health care in Primary Health Care. By articulating scientific evidence, service needs, and the development of educational technology applicable to the territory, the study contributes to improving care practices and strengthening the autonomy of users within the Unified Health System (SUS). Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7242 2026-07-30T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7241 Título: Representações sociais sobre promoção da saúde entre pessoas com diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 Autor: SILVA, Ana Carolina Moreira Primeiro orientador: ROLIM, Isaura Letícia Tavares Palmeira Abstract: Health promotion is one of the central components of primary health care and is classically defined as the process through which communities seek to improve their quality of life and health. Considering that diabetes is recognized as a major global public health issue, the present study aimed to analyze the care practices adopted by individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in their pursuit of better living conditions. The objective of this study was to understand the social representations of health promotion among people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This is an exploratory and descriptive qualitative study grounded in the Theory of Social Representations as its theoretical and methodological framework. Data collection was carried out at the diabetes outpatient clinic affiliated with the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, located in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, with 100 adult participants diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data were collected through the Free Word Association Technique and semi-structured interviews, in addition to a questionnaire designed to characterize the participants’ sociodemographic and clinical profiles. Evocations were analyzed using prototypical analysis based on the Central Core Theory, while interviews were examined through Content Analysis. The prototypical analysis revealed that the likely central elements of the social representation of health promotion were “medical appointment” and “care.” Content analysis uncovered three categories: conceptions of health promotion; barriers to health promotion; and experiences of living with diabetes. The findings demonstrate that users’ social representations of health promotion are strongly anchored in practices related to self- care and disease prevention, bringing health promotion closer to individualized and medicalized behaviors. The study concludes that there is a significant gap between the conceptual frameworks of health promotion and the users’ subjective realities. The results point to an ethical challenge for primary health care services, which are responsible for the longitudinal and comprehensive care of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: to use the medical consultation — symbolically valued by patients — as a supportive element within a much broader network of health promotion actions, while also strengthening collective care strategies adapted to local realities and territorially integrated, thereby expanding the focus beyond individual care. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 03 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7241 2026-08-03T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7240 Título: Tecnologia educativa sobre climatério como promoção da saúde Autor: PAULA, Paula Almeida de Primeiro orientador: RABELO, Poliana Pereira Costa Abstract: Introduction: Users assisted in Primary Health Care present knowledge gaps regarding the signs, symptoms, risks, and care related to climacteric, highlighting the need for accessible, inclusive, and culturally appropriate educational strategies. Objective: To develop an educational technology in the form of a booklet aimed at users assisted in Primary Health Care regarding climacteric, focusing on self-care and supporting the educational practices of health professionals. Methodology: This is a methodological development study of an applied nature, based on Falkembach’s theoretical-methodological framework for the development of educational materials. The methodological pathway comprised the stages of analysis and planning, modeling, and implementation. Initially, an integrative literature review was conducted to identify scientific evidence related to climacteric, users’ needs, and effective educational strategies in Primary Health Care. Subsequently, the target audience, educational objectives, priority contents, and pedagogical strategies were defined. During the modeling stage, the booklet’s conceptual structure, storyboard, textual organization, and visual resources were developed. In the implementation stage, the educational technology prototype was created with original illustrations, layout design, and digital and printed versions. Results: An educational booklet was obtained, structured in accessible, inclusive, and visually attractive language, addressing signs, symptoms, invisible risks of hormonal decline, health literacy, available therapies, and the role of Primary Health Care as a continuous support network. The developed technology showed potential to strengthen health literacy, expand users’ knowledge about climacteric, encourage self-care, and support educational actions carried out by Primary Health Care professionals. Furthermore, the material stood out for its inclusive approach directed toward women and transgender men, contributing to more equitable and humanized care practices. Conclusion: The educational technology developed demonstrated potential as a tool for health promotion and support for educational actions in Primary Health Care, favoring access to information, strengthening autonomy, and improving the quality of care provided to people experiencing climacteric. The booklet will contribute to more inclusive, humanized, and user- centered care practices and may support future stages of validation, implementation, and effectiveness evaluation in different healthcare contexts. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Sat, 06 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7240 2026-06-06T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7239 Título: Inquérito nacional de cobertura vacinal infantil e Programa Nacional De Imunização na capital do Maranhão: uma análise comparativa Autor: PESSOA, Kamyla Fabrycia Braga Primeiro orientador: TONELLO, Aline Sampieri Abstract: Childhood vaccination coverage is one of the main indicators of health system performance, as it reflects the capacity to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases and reduce child morbidity and mortality. In Brazil, these actions are organized through the National Immunization Program (PNI), historically recognized for its advances in universal access to vaccines. In recent decades, the country has faced declines in vaccination coverage, increased dropout rates in multidose schedules, persistent socioeconomic inequalities, and weaknesses in health information systems, which compromise the monitoring and effectiveness of immunization actions. This study aimed to compare vaccination coverage indicators and dropout rates obtained through the National Vaccination Coverage Survey (INCV) with those recorded in the National Immunization Program Information System (SI-PNI), in the municipality of São Luís, Maranhão, among children under one year of age born in 2017 and 2018. This is a descriptive study based on INCV data collected between 2020 and 2022, and administrative records from the SI-PNI referring to the years 2017 and 2018. The sample consisted of 854 children living in the urban area of São Luís, distributed across four socioeconomic strata (A, B, C, and D). Vaccination coverage for immunobiologicals included in the first-year childhood immunization schedule was analyzed, as well as dropout rates for vaccines requiring multiple doses. The results showed differences between vaccination coverage estimated by the INCV and recorded in the SI-PNI, respectively: meningococcal C (2nd dose), 92.0% and 71.4%; pentavalent (3rd dose), 91.9% and 70.1%; poliomyelitis (3rd dose), 91.9% and 70.0%; pneumococcal (1st booster), 90.8% and 65.5%; meningococcal C (1st booster), 89.3% and 60.7%. The lowest coverage rates were observed in later booster doses, such as DTP (1st booster): 65.0% in the INCV and 53.1% in the SI-PNI. Dropout rates were higher for vaccines requiring multiple doses, with reduced adherence between the first and subsequent doses. In the SI-PNI, dropout rates were consistently higher than those observed in the INCV: pentavalent vaccine, 4.1% (INCV) and 18.5% (SI-PNI); poliomyelitis, 2.0% (INCV) and 18.2% (SI-PNI); rotavirus, 8.6% (INCV) and 22.0% (SI- PNI); meningococcal C vaccine, 1.8% (INCV) and 8.3% (SI-PNI); and pneumococcal vaccine, 0.7% (INCV) and 10.8% (SI-PNI). It is concluded that vaccination coverage and dropout rate indicators for children under one year of age born in 2017/2018 in São Luís, Maranhão, differed between the INCV and the SI-PNI, highlighting discrepancies between data sources and suggesting a possible underestimation of vaccination coverage and overestimation of dropout rates in administrative records. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7239 2026-03-27T00:00:00Z