https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/3975 2026-09-18T22:01:41Z 2026-09-18T22:01:41Z SOUSA, Cadmo Fernando Dias https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7248 2026-09-18T12:21:10Z 2026-07-09T00:00:00Z

Título: Impactos da elevação do nível do mar em função das mudanças climáticas em manguezais no Parque Nacional de Sundarbans, Índia Autor: SOUSA, Cadmo Fernando Dias Primeiro orientador: BEZERRA, Denilson da Silva Abstract: This dissertation aimed to analyze the impacts of sea level rise driven by climate change on the mangrove forests of Sundarbans National Park, India, considering projections for the period from 2022 to 2100. Recognized as one of the largest continuous mangrove ecosystems in the world, the region has high ecological importance and is highly vulnerable to the effects of global climate change. The research was conducted through a bibliographic and documentary review, combined with the application of the BR-Mangue model to assess the environmental vulnerability of the study area and the statistical analysis of the simulated data. The simulation results indicated an approximate 45.25% reduction in the remaining mangrove area by 2100, accompanied by the expansion of flooded areas and the restriction of ecological migration, highlighting the high vulnerability of the ecosystem under the projected scenarios. The analyses also identified response patterns of the ecosystem to the simulated scenarios, indicating an increased susceptibility to environmental degradation and the loss of ecological functions, reinforcing the need for monitoring, conservation, and climate adaptation strategies. Therefore, this study contributes to expanding scientific knowledge on the vulnerability of coastal ecosystems and supports the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 14 (Life Below Water), and SDG 15 (Life on Land). Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-07-09T00:00:00Z LEÃO, Rosylilia Fernanda Santos https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7247 2026-09-18T12:12:03Z 2026-04-29T00:00:00Z

Título: Avaliação socioambiental dos impactos do descarte inadequado de resíduos do serviço de saúde Autor: LEÃO, Rosylilia Fernanda Santos Primeiro orientador: SOUSA, Katiene Régia Silva Abstract: Improper disposal of healthcare waste, especially pharmaceuticals and chemical substances, constitutes a significant environmental and public health problem, contributing to the contamination of soils, water resources, and human exposure to toxic compounds. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the socio-environmental impacts of such disposal practices in the Itaqui-Bacanga region, in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.The study integrated a literature review, experimental soil analysis using gas chromatography, and field research conducted with the local population. Environmental analysis revealed the presence of anthropogenic organic compounds, such as phthalates, hydrocarbons, and phenols, associated with plastic waste, solvents, and hospital materials, indicating significant environmental contamination, in addition to the occurrence of burnings that enhance pollutant dispersion.From a socio-environmental perspective, the results indicated a predominance of inadequate disposal practices, such as disposal in household waste and sewage systems, associated with lack of information and absence of collection points. Household storage of medications, partial knowledge about associated risks, and the occurrence of diseases such as dengue and chikungunya were also observed, along with limited awareness of reverse logistics, despite the high willingness of residents to receive information.It is concluded that improper disposal is associated with both structural and behavioral factors, contributing to environmental degradation and public health risks. These findings highlight the need to strengthen waste management policies, expand reverse logistics systems, and implement continuous environmental education actions. The study aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), contributing to the promotion of sustainability and environmental health. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-04-29T00:00:00Z SILVA, Danielle de Jesus https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7166 2026-08-17T15:31:43Z 2026-06-11T00:00:00Z

Título: Microplásticos em ambientes aquáticos: uma abordagem sobre padrões metodológicos no Brasil, contaminação em peixes e percepção ambiental nas Baías de São Marcos e São José, Maranhão. Autor: SILVA, Danielle de Jesus Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Marcelo Henrique Lopes Abstract: Plastic pollution is one of the major global environmental threats, with microplastics (MPs) standing out as particularly concerning contaminants due to their widespread distribution and potential impacts. In this context, this study adopted an interdisciplinary approach to investigate the scientific knowledge, occurrence, and environmental perception related to microplastics. Initially, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify and analyze scientific publications on the presence of microplastics in Brazilian environments, as well as the methodological approaches employed. Subsequently, fish species collected from three sampling sites in the Maranhão Gulf were analyzed to assess the occurrence of microplastics in gastrointestinal tissues and muscle. The samples were processed and examined under laboratory conditions. Finally, structured questionnaires were applied in the communities of Coqueiro (São Marcos bay) and Pau Deitado (São José bay) to evaluate environmental perception among local residents. The results showed that research on microplastics has been carried out across all regions of Brazil, with a predominance of studies in marine environments and a lack of integrated data across environmental compartments. The findings also highlight the need for methodological standardization and the inclusion of analyses in edible tissues. Microplastics were detected in both the stomach and muscle of fish at all sampling sites, making this one of the first studies to record the occurrence of microplastics in muscle samples of fish found in Brazil. The estimated daily intake suggested that fish consumption may represent a pathway for human exposure to microplastics, although at relatively low levels. Regarding environmental perception, the surveyed communities demonstrated limited knowledge about microplastics, despite showing greater awareness of contamination in the studied bays. Overall, these findings reinforce the need for future studies to adopt standardized, interdisciplinary, and collaborative approaches in order to support more integrated assessments of environmental risks and potential impacts on human health. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-06-11T00:00:00Z SILVA, Valéria Galdino Silva e https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7126 2026-07-22T11:18:29Z 2025-05-30T00:00:00Z

Título: Riscos e impactos socioambientais da zona estuarina do baixo curso do rio Itapecuru, Maranhão Autor: SILVA, Valéria Galdino Silva e Primeiro orientador: ESCHRIQUE, Samara Aranha Abstract: The lower course of the Itapecuru River watershed, located in the state of Maranhão, constitutes a strategic system for environmental balance, water security, and regional socioeconomic development, playing a fundamental role in supplying the state capital, São Luís, and neighboring municipalities. This study aims to analyze the environmental and socioeconomic impacts resulting from the intensification of human activities in the region, with particular emphasis on the discharge of industrial and domestic effluents, the suppression of riparian vegetation, deforestation, and inappropriate land use. The research is based on a bibliographic review and the application of the SWOT matrix, used as an analytical tool to identify risks, vulnerabilities, strengths, and opportunities, relating the results to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The results reveal significant impacts, including degradation of riparian forests, water pollution, seasonal salinization, and impairment of the Italuís System, which is responsible for supplying the state capital. Scientific records on the watershed indicate the need for integrated public policies, effective environmental planning, and participatory management strategies aimed at protecting water resources and promoting sustainable practices aligned with the SDG targets. The adoption of such measures is essential for the conservation of the Itapecuru ecosystems and for ensuring the quality of life of riparian populations that directly depend on the river. The relevance of the lower course of the Itapecuru River extends beyond environmental aspects, encompassing biological, economic, and social dimensions, which reinforces the urgency of its conservation and sustainable management as an indispensable condition for the continuous and balanced development of local communities and the municipalities that rely on its waters for multiple uses. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2025-05-30T00:00:00Z