TEDE Coleção:https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/33332026-09-18T22:01:41Z2026-09-18T22:01:41ZEstudo das rainhas do gênero de formigas Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): uma abordagem taxonômica e de divulgação científicaCAMILO, Maria Luciana Lealhttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/72462026-09-18T12:03:43Z2026-03-25T00:00:00ZTítulo: Estudo das rainhas do gênero de formigas Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): uma abordagem taxonômica e de divulgação científica
Autor: CAMILO, Maria Luciana Leal
Primeiro orientador: SANTOS, Ciro Libio Caldas dos
Abstract: Ants belong to the order Hymenoptera, along with bees and wasps. Within Myrmicinae,
the most diverse ant subfamily, is Stegomyrmex, one of the 23 genera in the tribe
Solenopsidini. This genus is found exclusively in the Neotropical region and was once
considered rare due to its cryptobiotic habits. However, collections carried out in recent
decades indicate that these ants are mainly found in the leaf litter of humid Neotropical
forests. Additionally, increased sampling efforts and the accumulation of specimens in
collections have led to the discovery of previously unknown queens, improving our
understanding of the biology and reproductive strategies of these species and contributing
to their delimitation. This study aims to conduct a taxonomic analysis of Stegomyrmex
queens and develop educational materials about the genus for scientific outreach. To
achieve this, we gathered specimens from multiple ant collections, established
collaborations with institutions and researchers, and employed various tools for
morphological analysis. The results of this work revealed the discovery of two queens
previously unknown to the genus: Stegomyrmex bensoni and Stegomyrmex manni.
Information on the distribution, diagnosis, and redescription of the queens of previously
described species Stegomyrmex conncectens, Stegomyrmex olindae, and Stegomyrmex
vizottoi were also included, along with examinations of the types and workers. For the
creation of an educational booklet aimed at scientific dissemination, we compiled
information on the species belonging to the genus, as well as on the history of the research.
The book includes colored versions and coloring pages of the illustrations. With the
conclusion of this work, we provide updated taxonomic, distributional, and natural history
information on the queens of the species of the genus Stegomyrmex, and through the
production of this educational booklet, we make this knowledge more accessible to
diverse audiences.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2026-03-25T00:00:00Z“Cienciometria dos estudos genéticos da soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”AGUIAR JÚNIOR, José Ribamar Gomeshttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/71082026-07-10T13:26:18Z2024-05-27T00:00:00ZTítulo: “Cienciometria dos estudos genéticos da soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”
Autor: AGUIAR JÚNIOR, José Ribamar Gomes
Primeiro orientador: NASCIMENTO, Wellington Ferreira do
Abstract: Soy (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is among the main crops in global agribusiness, mainly
because it is an alternative rich in proteins, vitamins and fats, and can be considered a
functional food in the human diet. However, during the vegetative and reproductive cycle
of this legume, several problems and disease-causing agents can arise, causing significant
losses, if an adequate management system is not implemented to avoid them. Therefore,
studying the genetic diversity of this species is important both to manage its resources
and to program conservation techniques. Over the years, scientists have worked hard to
find cultivars that are more resistant, easier to manage, but, above all, more productive,
disease-resistant and pragmatic. It is worth noting that Brazil is currently one of the largest
producers of soybeans and, due to its high production, it broke a record with 156 million
tons of the grain in the 2022/2023 harvest. This was possible due to the genetic
improvement carried out, which helped the country to expand soybean cultivation from
the south to the north. In the study of genetic diversity, molecular markers are an
important tool, as they allow genetic distinction between individuals through direct DNA
analysis, making it possible to investigate genetic variability in gene complexities of
cultivated species available in germplasm banks. With scientometric studies, which are
based on a bibliographic survey in the form of “quantification of science”, it is possible
to analyze data in relation to scientific production on genetic studies of soybeans through
molecular markers, mapping the evolution or decline of production in the field of science,
in addition to identifying emerging areas that require the greatest financial or human
resources support to better progress. Therefore, this study aimed to carry out a
scientometric analysis of soybean genetic studies. And, more specifically, the scientific
production regarding soybean genetics between 2012 and 2018; define the main subareas
of knowledge covered by published articles; relate the techniques used to analyze the
genetic aspects of the plant; and, propose targeting strategies for future soybean studies.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2024-05-27T00:00:00ZEstrutura de redes de interações ecológicas entre dieta, parasitos e lagartos da região do Parque Nacional da Chapada das MesasSANTOS, Maciel Garreto doshttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/69222026-04-23T12:04:05Z2024-05-24T00:00:00ZTítulo: Estrutura de redes de interações ecológicas entre dieta, parasitos e lagartos da região do Parque Nacional da Chapada das Mesas
Autor: SANTOS, Maciel Garreto dos
Primeiro orientador: BRITO, Samuel Vieira
Abstract: The complex web of interactions that structures biotic communities is the focus of study
of ecological networks, a science that aims to describe and evaluate patterns of
interactions between species and their effects on ecological processes. These processes
are determined by the food resources between a small group, populations or communities
of organisms co-occurring in space-time, and network analysis stands out as a valuable
tool for demonstrating the path of energy circulating within ecosystems. On average,
about 35% of the energy that flows between these networks occurs via parasitism. Thus,
lizards, which are essential organisms for the ecological dynamics of natural processes
and occupy a key position in the trophic chain, where they act as primary and secondary
predators and/or as prey, are an important taxon to investigate in terms of their diet and
that of their associated endoparasites, since these organisms use various reproductive
strategies and strategies for obtaining food. The present study is the first research for the
Cerrado biome with ecological network approaches using lizards as models, which aimed
to evaluate and understand how the networks of host-parasite interactions and diet of
lizards from the Chapada das Mesas National Park region are structured. Bipartite nets
(host-parasite net and predator-prey net) were constructed, in addition to the lizard
species, the nets were set up with eight species of endoparasites and 29 categories of food
items. The networks did not present a well-defined nesting pattern or modularity, with a
diffuse pattern with low values of modularity and more pronounced nesting, although not
very expressive, indicating that there are species that are specialists, following the same
path in the network as the generalist species and few specialist species interacting with
other specialists. We identified the lizard species that played a functional role in
structuring the topology of the networks and network modules. We also found that the
habits related to the lizards' foraging strategies and seasonality influenced the structuring
of the nets. This is because the opportunistic and generalist lizard species occupied a
central position in the parasite-host networks and in the predator-prey networks, in both
seasons. The differences in the foraging behavior of the lizards, combined with the
breadth of niches may explain why lizards such as T. hispidus, A. ameiva and A. ocellifera
had a greater diversity of parasites and the highest consumption of prey, especially during
the dry season. Thus, we found evidence that the habits related to the lizards' foraging
strategies and seasonality are related to their positions, both in the networks between
parasite and hosts and between lizard predators and their prey, determining all the metrics
of centrality of the networks.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação; Documento sob sigilo. Prazo provável para disponibilização total: não informado. Motivo do sigilo: não informado.2024-05-24T00:00:00ZMONITORAMENTO DA VARIABILIDADE ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA CONCENTRAÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICA DE DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO SOBRE ÁREAS AGRÍCOLAS NA ROTA DE EXPORTAÇÃO DE GRÃOS DO PORTO DE ITAQUIRODRIGUES, Alayne Araújohttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/69072026-04-14T12:58:48Z2025-09-26T00:00:00ZTítulo: MONITORAMENTO DA VARIABILIDADE ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA CONCENTRAÇÃO ATMOSFÉRICA DE DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO SOBRE ÁREAS AGRÍCOLAS NA ROTA DE EXPORTAÇÃO DE GRÃOS DO PORTO DE ITAQUI
Autor: RODRIGUES, Alayne Araújo
Primeiro orientador: SANTOS, Gustavo André de Araújo
Abstract: The monitoring of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration is essential for
understanding the impacts of land use and land cover on the carbon balance. In this context,
remote sensing emerges as a strategic tool, enabling the acquisition of key data to promote the
sustainability of agricultural production, including a better understanding of CO₂ emissions in
agroecosystems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze, characterize, and
quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of carbon stock in agricultural areas along the grain
export corridor of the Port of Itaqui, using data from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO2) over the past decade. Time series from 2016 to 2023 of XCO₂ information for pasture and
soybean areas were obtained from the platform managed by NASA’s GES DISC and compared
with meteorological elements (precipitation, temperature, and relative humidity) extracted from
NASA POWER, as well as vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI, and LAI) derived from the MODISTerra sensor. Statistical analyses included annual and monthly boxplots, temporal trend graphs
of XCO₂ using the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test, and the Shapiro-Wilk normality test with
a 5% significance level, all performed using Python programming language. Thematic maps
were created using QGIS® and ArcGIS® software to investigate the influence of environmental
factors on carbon dynamics. In addition, the “hot spot analysis” technique was applied to
identify spatial clusters of high and low CO₂ concentrations in soybean and pasture areas, along
with the analysis of XCO₂ anomalies for both land-use types. The temporal variation for pasture
and soybean areas did not show a significant trend, presenting stable behavior with few
oscillations over the years. The Shapiro-Wilk test indicated that the data do not follow a normal
distribution, although they approximate a normal curve. Spatial analysis revealed patterns of
CO₂ concentration hot-spots in degraded pasture areas, whereas regions dominated by soybean
cultivation showed a higher occurrence of cold-spots. The years with the greatest hot spot
intensity in pasture and soybean areas were 2020 and 2022, while the years with the most
prominent cold-spots in pasture areas were 2019, 2021, and 2023, and for soybean areas, 2019
and 2021. In soybean areas, a negative correlation was observed between XCO₂ and the
vegetation indices NDVI and EVI. The influence of meteorological variables was significant:
precipitation and relative humidity showed a positive association with XCO₂ reduction,
especially during drought periods, while temperature exhibited an inverse correlation. These
findings indicate that the region’s agroecosystems respond differently to climatic conditions
and soil management, with direct implications for agricultural sustainability and greenhouse
gas mitigation. Furthermore, socioeconomic connections are feasible to link XCO₂ patterns to
agricultural expansion, global commodity demand, and public policies aimed at carbon
neutrality. These perspectives reinforce the importance of using remote sensing combined with
climate data to monitor emissions and carbon sequestration.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2025-09-26T00:00:00Z