EXTRAÇÃO, CARACTERIZAÇÃO E AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE LARVICIDA DO ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DO Citrus limon Linneo (LIMÃO) FRENTE AO MOSQUITO Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Surveys show that the resistance of the larvae of Aedes aegypti to synthetic pesticides, have boosted demand for alternative chemical compounds of natural origin to combat the dengue vector. In this work, from the extraction and analytical study of the essential oil of the pericarp of the Citrus limon Linneo, the larvicidal effect of the oil against larvas in third phase of the mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1792) was analyzed and based on the analytical result was evaluated the effect of the major compound. The essential oil was extracted quantitatively by hydrodistilation. The essential oil physical-chemical proprieties (density, refraction rate, solubility, color and appearance) was determined. The oil was analytically characterized by infra-red (FTIR) and gas chromatography coupled to spectrometer of mass (CG-EM). The oil s CL50 was calculated from the Reed-Muench (1938) and Pizzi (1950) methods, respectively. The oil yield was 0,52% m/v. 18 components were identified in the oil, and the major presence of l-limoneno was confirmed by the spectroscopic technics. The essential oil got CL₅₀ 14,99 (±2,25) μg mLˉ¹ and l-limonene of 26,73 mg mLˉ¹ (± 2,02) mg mLˉ¹ and the d-limonene 113,24 mg mLˉ¹ (± 2,02) mg mLˉ¹. The results indicate that the essential oil evaluated is compound by substances that propitiate larvicidal effect against Aedes aegypti.