GESTÃO COLEGIADA EM ESCOLAS PÚBLICAS ESTADUAIS: confronto do sentido democrático no legal e no real

Abstract

This work integrates the Group of Research on Basic Education Policy, in the Research Line of State and Educational Management of the Graduate Studies in Education / Master of Education of the Federal University of Maranhão. Entitled: " COLLEGIATE MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC STATE SCHOOLS: clash of democratic sense in the legal and real", it aims to analyze the relationship between the normative basis and the performance of the School Collegiate, its implications in the beginning of democratic management. It s a reflection about the changes in education along the years 1980, 1990 and 2000, incorporated into the official laws that positive the democratic management as a guiding principle of management of public schools. We reflected on the evolution of general administration to understand how the paradigm shift from administration to school management impacted the school besides reflecting on the development of concepts and principles that spread through the practice of management in schools. It also discusses on School Collegiate as one of the mechanisms of the process of democratization of public school management. It is based on information about the practice of the School Collegiate in the state of Maranhão since its implementation and contribution to the democratization of public state schools, as a tool that can contribute to autonomy and strengthening the participation. This is a qualitative research, based on historical and dialectical materialism which provided an understanding of the categories of management democratic: autonomy, participation and democratization beyond the limits of the official education policy formulations. The development stages of the research included bibliographic and documentary research, field research where it has been collected datas on the performance of the School Collegiate. The analysis of such datas/informations was based on such authors Abranches (2003), Ali (2002), Oliveira (1997), Novaes (1995), Ferreira (2003), Libâneo (2003), Triviños (1987), Chiavenato (2000) Cabral Neto (2010), Gold (2011) Barros Neto (2001), Ghon (2008), Kuenzer (2000), Chiavenato (2003), Kosik (2002), Triviños (1987) among others. The datas provided an analysis on the perception of the representatives of the school community through the segments that make up the school Collegiate (parents, students, teachers, teaching and administrative staff and managers), who responded to the survey questions, semi-structured interview applied in public schools, "Centro de Ensino Nascimento de Moraes" and "Centro de Ensino Graça Aranha", both located in the city of Imperatriz - Maranhão, from December 2013 to May 2014. The datas pointed out that the implementation of democratic management process relies on the law with emphasis on the Federal Constitution of 1988, LDB Nº. 9.394/1996, PNEs and other rules. Schools use the School Collegiate, the Political Pedagogical Project and the Caixa Escolar (School Fund) as mechanisms that can contribute to the construction of the process of democratization of the public state school. The datas also pointed to a basic and limited understanding of the process of democratic management on its principles, concepts and guidelines that support the construction of school autonomy.