UMA ANÁLISE MULTIDIMENSIONAL DA POBREZA NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO NOS ANOS 2000 E 2010: construção do Índice de Pobreza Municipal para o Maranhão (IPMM)

Abstract

Multidimensional analysis of poverty in the state of Maranhão. The data source is the Census of 2000 and 2010. In order to further investigate the phenomenon, we proceeded to the elaboration of an indicator called multidimensional Municipal Poverty Index for Maranhão (IPMM). First, we proceeded to the survey of the main explanatory approaches of the phenomenon of poverty and the main forms of measurement. It was then decided by multidimensional approach to poverty measurement purposes of the phenomenon, but without compromising the structural approach to understand their decisions and ways of overcoming. We decided to choose a multidimensional indicator due to the fact that it takes into account a larger number of indicators. Then, we described the methodology of the Index and the results have been described for both the index and for the six dimensions that comprise it. The main conclusions that came with the construction of IPMM were: a) there was a reduction in poverty both in the state of Maranhão as in all other cities, as we compare the years 2000 and 2010, b) the performance of municipalities was not homogeneous, c) the degree of poverty seems to be more intense at the municipal level than at state d) the most advanced dimensions were: access to the knowledge, child development and housing needs, whereas the least advanced were: access to work and lack of resources. Thus, the evolution of poverty in the municipalities of Maranhão in the first decade of the 2000s was not the result of endogenous factors to the growth pattern exhibited by the economy of Maranhão in this period.