ANÁLISE DA VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA E INTRAFAMILIAR FÍSICA E PSICOLÓGICA CONTRA GESTANTES: percepções e repercussões na vida de mulheres atendidas na Unidade Mista do Itaqui Bacanga em São Luís MA

Abstract

This work analyzes the domestic and intrafamilial violence, physical and psychological violence, against pregnant women in the Itaqui Bacanga's Health Unit, linked to the Municipal Health Department of São Luis - MA, from January 2011 to January 2012, identifying their perceptions, the impact and building coping strategies constructed by these women. Initially, it talks about the concept this the violence, building on the category of gender violence, considering the socio-historical interpretations of gender relations, especially of the women and patriarchy. We understand domestic and intrafamilial violence against women as human rights violations, and a public health problem, which requires implementation of public policies in several areas, with a focus on gender transversality. Our study is qualitative, whose technique for data collection is based on recording semi-structured interviews conducted with ten women. The results allowed to grasp the conceptions of the pregnant women on the physical and psychological violence, domestic and intrafmiliar violence during pregnancy and what impact this violence has on their daily lives. Through the analysis of statements, it was found that pregnant women understand violence as a common problem in society and violence against women, a phenomenon that mainly occurs within the home, independent of sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects, being the aggressor intimate partner more frequent. The pregnant women consider violence as a serious physical assault, but did not detect the occurrence of psychological violence as a sufficient reason to condemn the aggressor, which reinforces that we must move the discussion on this issue. The women related to motherhood as a process natural / biological given to the woman, who the responsability is her for creation / procreation of children, point which helps to strengthen the stereotypical gender roles. The survey results revealed the difficulties that the pregnant women have to break with the domestic and intrafamilial violence and denounce it, while acknowledging the existence of areas of protection such as the Special Police for Women and the Law Maria da Penha. About coping strategies, the women have created self-defense mechanisms in order to protect themselves from violence, tolerance and coping are the features present. The research revealed that it is necessary to advance the development and implementation of public policies for women, including pregnant women, with a view to addressing violence against women and strengthening of human rights of the female segment.