MESSIANISMO CANELA: ENTRE O INDIGENISMO DE ESTADO E AS ESTRATÉGIAS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO

Abstract

This paper discusses the relations among indigenism, development and socioreligous movements among the Ramkokamekra-Canela, group classified in the linguistic family Jê-Timbira and located in the south of Barra do Corda City, current Fernando Falcão. Initially, I analyse the process of territorialization of the Capiekran, Sakamekran, and others Timbira groups, from whom the current Ramkokamekra-Canela emerged, and their insertion in the pastoral situation, by the actions of the expansionist front and of colonial administration in the Maranhão in 19th century, as well as the dynamics of this situation, under the action of the tutor power made by SPI, during the first half of the 20th century. I consider the regional transformations of the economy and of the official indigenism in the following decades, under the auspices of the development and the performance of researchers in the implementation of communitarian projects, as background of new socioreligious movements among the Ramkokamekra. I describe four socioreligious movements occurrences in the years of 1963, 1980, 1984 and 1999, which are analyzed considering the respective intersociety contexts and elements of timbira cosmology, especially the myth of Aukhê, had as the founding myth of the contact between these groups. Therefore, the Canela messianic movements can be considered as ways of resistance to the domination and a search of equalization in the intersociety relations.