Política Nacional de Educação Especial na perspectiva inclusiva: uma análise dos princípios, diretrizes e implementação no município de Mirinzal (MA) Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Educação

Abstract

The implementation of the National Policy on Special Education from the Perspective of Inclusive Education (PNEEPEI) remains a central challenge for public education systems, particularly in small municipalities. This study aims to analyze the implementation of PNEEPEI in the municipality of Mirinzal, Maranhão, through a case study conducted in a public basic education school, examining the alignment between national guidelines and institutional practices. The research adopted a qualitative, descriptive-interpretative approach, based on document analysis and semi-structured interviews with school administrators, teachers, parents, and guardians of students who are part of the Special Education target group. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Consideration No. 73494823.2.0000.5087. The findings indicate that, although students are enrolled in regular classrooms as recommended by PNEEPEI, there is an absence of specialized professionals responsible for Specialized Educational Assistance (AEE), revealing a significant gap between policy prescriptions and local implementation. Additional challenges include insufficient teacher training, lack of specialized pedagogical resources, and limited articulation between regular teaching and support services. The study concludes that inclusion in the investigated municipality advances in terms of access, but structural and organizational limitations hinder the full realization of students' right to learning, highlighting the need for investment in human resources and the consolidation of AEE services.