Composição química, toxicidade, avaliação do potencial citotóxico e efeito sobre a dinâmica celular do extrato hidroetanólico das folhas de Fridericia platyphylla

Abstract

Fridericia platyphylla is a species belonging to the Bignoniaceae family, known in the literature as a source of flavonoids with biopharmacological potential. This study aimed to characterize the metabolites present in the hydroalcoholic extract and in the dichloromethane and aqueous fractions of this species, as well as to evaluate the cytotoxic potential and toxicity of the hydroalcoholic extract (ethanol/water, 7:3) obtained from this plant material. The chemical diversity of the extract was investigated using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization and ion trapping (LC-ESI-IT-MS). From these analyses, sixteen phenolic compounds were identified in the hydroalcoholic extract, nine in the aqueous fraction, and two in the dichloromethane fraction, including phenolic acid derivatives, glycosylated flavonoids, and flavone aglycones. The biological activity of the extract was evaluated in vitro in two human cervical cancer cell lines: HeLa (HPV-18 positive adenocarcinoma) and SiHa (HPV-16 positive carcinoma). The results demonstrated a cytotoxic effect in both cell lines, with IC50 values of 44.78 μg mL−1 for HeLa and 66.97 μg mL−1 for SiHa, in addition to reduced cell viability. Toxicity was evaluated in Tenebrio molitor larvae, in which the extract showed low lethality at the lowest concentrations (1 and 10 μg mL−1) and

increased mortality at higher concentrations (100 and 1,000 μg mL−1), evidencing a dose- dependent toxic effect. Overall, the results indicate that the extract from F. platyphylla

leaves has potential cytotoxic activity and low toxicity at low concentrations, suggesting that this species may represent a promising source of bioactive compounds. Thus, the findings of this study open perspectives for future investigations involving the use of this extract in the development of alternative therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cervical cancer.