Precarização do trabalho na administração pública no Brasil: influências do modelo de produção flexível

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the changes that occurred in the world of work in the Brazilian public sector following the 1995 Administrative Reform, under the guidance of the Master Plan for the Reform of the State Apparatus (PDRAE). The central objective is to investigate how the transition from the bureaucratic model to Managerial Public Administration impacted labor relations and civil servant health, under the influence of flexible accumulation logic and the Toyotist production model. Based on historical-dialectical materialism, this qualitative research uses bibliographic and documentary surveys to unveil the process of structural precarization masked by the discourse of efficiency and managerial modernization. The study discusses the redefinition of the State's role, shifting from producer to regulator, subordinating itself to fiscal austerity guidelines and the neoliberal ideology of the Washington Consensus. On an empirical level, the analysis focuses on two contemporary phenomena: the "balkanization" of work, exemplified by the State Department of Finance of Maranhão (SEFAZ-MA), where the coexistence of precarious and permanent links generates a "legal apartheid" and fragments functional identity; and the "uberization" of public service in the Federal Revenue of Brazil, driven by the Management and Performance Program (PGD). It is demonstrated that telework and algorithmic control through targets convert the servant into a self-manager of their own exploitation, erasing the boundaries between work time and life time. As a consequence, systemic mental illness is observed, manifested by the increase in cases of Burnout Syndrome, understood here as a symptom of exacerbated productivism. It concludes that the erosion of the Single Legal Regime (RJU) and the dismantling of the Social State weaken impersonality and administrative autonomy, making it urgent to rescue the dignity of public work and defend the public examination rule as an ethical bulwark against commercial logic.