Avaliação política da política pública de combate ao assédio moral e sexual no poder executivo do Maranhão

Abstract

This dissertation conducts a political evaluation of the recently implemented public policy for the prevention and combat of moral and sexual harassment within the Executive Branch of the State of Maranhão, embodied in the normative microsystem that established the Specialized Ombudsman's Office, spearheaded by Decree No. 39,054/2024. The guiding question investigates whether the institutional alternatives adopted meet empirical needs and prove to be adequate, consistent, and coherent in confronting the barrier of silencing and promoting a healthy work environment. The general objective is to evaluate the institutional engineering of this policy, determining its consistency in achieving its proposed goals. Methodologically, this is an evaluative research focused on the substantive examination of the policy, grounded in Max Weber's comprehensive sociology and his concept of rational-legal domination. The study utilizes bibliographic research and documentary analysis to scrutinize the adequacy of the normative tools against the governance parameters stipulated by Ruling No. 456/2022 of the Federal Court of Accounts (TCU)—supported by the pillars of Institutionalization, Prevention, Detection, and Correction—as well as to evaluate the adequacy of choosing the State Secretariat for Transparency and Control (STC) as the central managing body. The results indicate that the State conducted a precise diagnosis of the repressed demand caused by the fear of retaliation and structured a model that represents a major advancement. Strong commitment from top management, the creation of multiple reporting channels with identity protection, and the success of network governance for psychosocial support were evidenced. However, the evaluation identified critical fractures in the policy's coherence: legal uncertainty resulting from the lack of explicit typification of harassment in the Civil Servant Statute (Law No. 6,107/94); and the STC's technical-operational capacity deficit, which motivated the exceptional decentralization of investigations to bodies with their own disciplinary regimes, such as the security forces. It is concluded that this decentralization makes the segments of the civil service most subjected to hierarchical rigidity more vulnerable, superimposing instrumental rationality over universal protection. The policy proves to be partially adequate and consistent, needing to expand the central body's human resources and formalize the offense in law to achieve an isonomic breakthrough of the silencing and full institutional maturity, among other measures.