Do tiro de canhão à subnotificação, mas ainda existe homotransfobia no Maranhão? uma análise socioespacial dos crimes letais intencionais em São Luís - MA

Abstract

contemporary social life by naming, based on biological determinism and the demand for coherence between sex, gender, and desire, which bodies have the right to exist and which are pushed to the margins of death. In this grammar of power, cisheteronormative bodies occupy the center of privilege, while LGBTI+ bodies, when not adjusted to the dominant model, are marked by violence, denial, and erasure. This naming is not neutral: it wounds, disciplines, and kills, transforming difference into a legitimate target. In Brazil, this reality takes on even more urgent contours in the face of the growth of lethal violence due to homophobia and transphobia, especially in the state of Maranhão. It is in this context that the study proposes to analyze lethal crimes due to homophobia and transphobia registered in São Luís between 2020 and 2024, questioning how the Maranhão Public Security Secretariat receives, registers, and handles these occurrences. By systematically tracing, through the LGBTI+ Lethal Violence Bulletins in Maranhão produced by the LGBTI+ Public Policy Observatory, the socio-spatial profile of crimes and victims, considering territory, identity, sexuality, age, skin color, instrument, and method, the research transforms data into denunciation and memory. Methodologically, it is an exploratory-descriptive, bibliographic, and documentary study, with a qualitative-quantitative approach, using statistical modeling and graph production as tools for a critical reading of violence. The findings highlight territories marked by death and neglect, reinforcing the urgency of public policies that guarantee security and expand social and cultural diversity. Supported by an intersectional gender theoretical framework, this research draws on authors such as Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan, Michel Foucault, Judith Butler, Achille Mbembe, and Rita Segato, aiming to challenge compulsory cisheteronormativity and the historical erasure of dissident bodies. Multidisciplinary in nature, this research is linked to line N1 – Sociocultural Expressions and Processes, of the Postgraduate Program in Culture and Society at UFMA.