PREVALÊNCIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS À COINFECÇÃO TUBERCULOSE E VÍRUS DA IMUNODEFICIÊNCIA HUMANA (HIV) NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO, NO PERÍODO DE 2001 A 2011

Abstract

In 2007 were estimated 9.27 million TB cases, 1.4 million of these were also seropositive for HIV. That same year were 456 000 registered cases of deaths from TB who were also infected with HIV. The association between tuberculosis (TB) and HIV infection affects mortality in two ways: TB presents significant lethality for people infected with HIV, and HIV acts as an indirect cause of the increased incidence of TB. Has to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with TB / HIV in patients with tuberculosis in the state of Maranhão. We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study of time series of TB cases notified in the period 2001 to 2011 in the state of Maranhão, totaling 4,553 cases of tuberculosis. Information was collected from the database of State Department of State Health Information Disease Surveillance System (SINAN). To identify associations between outcome (TB / HIV) and the independent variables (age, sex, race / color, education, middle region, place of residence, clinical type, input type, foreclosure situation), we used regression Poisson with robust adjustment of variance. Prevalence ratios (PR) and the ranges of 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were estimated. We found a prevalence of TB / HIV coinfection of 15,1 % in the state. The highest prevalence ranged from 52.9 % in 2001, 11.8% in 2011, and the minimum prevalence ranged of1, 8 % in 2001, 5.9% in 2011. The prevalence of anti - HIV tests ranged from 4.3 % in 2001, 65.9% in 2011. According to the crude analysis, the most significant associations for TB / HIV were males (p ≤ 0.001), age group 20-39 years (p = 0.003) and 40-59 years (p = 0.036) have ≤ 8anos study (p = 0.001), be transferred (p = 0.053), living on the west mesoregion state (p = 0.009) and have closure for oncompliance (p = 0.016) or death (p ≤ 0.001). In the adjusted analysis, both males, age 29-30 years ≤ 8 years, living in the middle region west of the state, like having closure due to death, proved significant for TB / HIV coinfection. On the other hand, the non-white category and Pulmonary TB is presented both as a protective factor in the crude analysis as adjusted, and age ≥ 60 years in only adjusted. High rate of TB / HIV in the state (15,1%), being clear that young males with low education may be contributing to this increase was observed. There needs to adopt specific strategies to monitor this clientele, seeking to reduce the rate of coinfection.