Construção e validação de software para consulta de enfermagem à pessoa com diabetes mellitus na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

Information and Communication Technologies have been the subject of study in nursing, especially in Primary Health Care, due to their potential to improve the quality of care, strengthen health promotion actions, disease prevention, and the monitoring of chronic conditions such as Diabetes Mellitus. In this context, this study aimed to develop and validate the content and appearance of a software prototype to support nurses in conducting nursing consultations for people with Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Health Care. This is a methodological study, grounded in the software engineering approach proposed by Pressman and Maxim, structured into three phases according to the Unified Process Model. The first phase, Conception, involved planning and defining goals, the central theme, technological resources, and the project team. The second phase, Elaboration, included a literature review and the results of an analysis of interviews conducted in a previous study with professionals working in the Family Health Strategy, ensuring alignment with the principles of User-Centered Design. The scientific evidence gathered, combined with the identified practical demands, supported the definition of the content incorporated into the technology, enabling the development of the software prototype. The third phase, Construction, consisted of content and appearance validation, as well as the development of the final version of the prototype. Specialists were selected according to Jasper’s criteria. Validation was carried out using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) instrument, with screen organization divided into three blocks. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under approval number 7,934,746. The prototype was developed between December 2024 and October 2025 and was named Diabetes.check: Guide for Nursing Consultation. Initially, the prototype comprised a structure of 77 screens, distributed among user identification and access, main interface, functionalities, and the development and management of the care plan. The main screens contained 14 structured topics, organized to facilitate the systematic conduct of the nursing consultation, including tabs dedicated to clinical history, history of present illness, lifestyle habits, physical examination, foot examination, nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes. For content and appearance validation, nine specialists participated, all nurses, predominantly holding master’s and doctoral degrees. The SAM instrument scores indicated percentages of 90.7% in Block 1, 94.2% in Block 2, and 94.4% in Block 3, classifying the material as of superior quality. The Content Validity Indices were 0.80, 0.90, and 0.92 for Blocks 1, 2, and 3, respectively, demonstrating excellent agreement among the specialists. The suggestions provided were incorporated, resulting in a final version composed of 80 screens. The content and appearance validation process showed a high level of agreement among the specialists, proving to be essential for improving the prototype. Diabetes.check is configured as an innovative technology with the potential to contribute to the systematization of nursing consultations for people with Diabetes Mellitus, support clinical reasoning, and promote safe, efficient, and evidence-based nursing practice in Primary Health Care.