Corporeidades das mulheres na escola normal oficial em Teresina - Piauí (1909-1950)

Abstract

In the first decades of the 20th century, Brazil underwent changes driven by the political regime of the Republic, whether these changes were in the structures of its main cities, in the educational field, or in social relations. This also happened in the city of Teresina - Piauí, which was forming as the administrative center of the state, a place of political and ideological effervescence, and the Escola Normal Oficial was being established for the educational training of women. The thesis aims to understand the corporealities of women produced at the Escola Normal Oficial in Teresina - Piauí, and to analyze the constructions and representations of women's bodies as normalistas and teachers. For this understanding, the works of Le Breton (2007) and Courtine (2013) on the construction of the body; Foucault (1979; 1997) for understanding power relations; Scott (1995) for gender relations; Lefebvre (2006) and De Certeau (2003) for spatial analyses; Chartier (1990) to reflect on female representations; and Assmann (2011) to understand memories were used. The research is outlined using historical scales of analysis (Revel, 2010) for the study of women in education in Teresina - PI, relating it to the history of Brazil and how women left their mark on education through their experiences. For the analysis, sources produced by the Piauí public authorities were used, such as reports and governmental messages, decrees, memorialistic works, magazines, and newspapers that circulated in the interior and in the capital of Piauí.