DESCARBONIZAÇÃO DO PORTO DO ITAQUI: Levantamento da estimativa das emissões de CO2 pelos navios enquanto atracados entre 2022 e 2024

Abstract

The maritime sector is responsible for a significant share of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly during port operations. Among these, emissions produced while ships are berthed account for a substantial portion of the port's carbon footprint. This study aims to estimate the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emitted by vessels during berthing at the Port of Itaqui between 2022 and 2024, with the goal of supporting decarbonisation strategies, particularly the adoption of shore-side electricity supply systems. The methodology was based on the parameters of the Fourth IMO GHG Study, using operational data provided by the port authority. Equations were applied to estimate the energy consumption of auxiliary engines, the burning of marine fuels (MGO/MDO and HFO), and the corresponding CO₂ emissions. The results indicate that, over the analysed period, port operations emitted between 51.08 kt and 52.29 kt of CO₂. Tankers were identified as the main emitters due to their higher energy demand, followed by bulk carriers. Berths dedicated to liquid bulk operations were responsible for the highest emission volumes. The study highlights the urgent need for public policies and investment aimed at modernising port infrastructure, particularly through the implementation of OPS systems as a feasible strategy for reducing emissions in Brazilian port areas.