Comparação entre estresse, ansiedade, depressão, qualidade subjetiva do sono, cronotipo e sonolência diurna em jogadoras de futsal e beach soccer

Abstract

Objective: The present study aims to compare mental health by assessing levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as subjective sleep quality, chronotype, and daytime sleepiness in female futsal and beach soccer players. Materials and Methods: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of HU-UFMA (CAAE 15948719.2.0000.5086). The sample consisted of 28 female players, 14 from futsal and 14 from beach soccer, who answered the GPEFF/UFMA registration form, the ABEP socioeconomic questionnaire, the DASS-21 scale, the PSQI-BR and MEQ questionnaires, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (Brazilian version). The Jamovi software was used for statistical analysis, with the Shapiro-Wilk test applied to verify data normality. Data were presented in absolute frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, and maximum. To compare groups, the independent samples t-test (Student) and the Mann-Whitney test were used. Results: The average values for futsal and beach soccer players, respectively, were: age (24.4 and 24.1 years), body mass (57.4 and 59.4 kg), height (1.57 and 1.56 m), and BMI (23.4 and 25.1 kg/m2). Most players from both groups belonged to social classes C and D-E, had completed high school, had been practicing the sport for over three years, and trained one to two days per week, with each session lasting more than one and less than two hours. Regarding mental health, beach soccer players showed lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression compared to futsal players, with a statistically significant difference observed only in the anxiety variable (p=0.026); stress (p=0.190) did not show a statistically significant difference, while depression (p=0.053) showed a trend toward significance. Regarding sleep evaluation, both modalities were classified as having poor subjective sleep quality, with the beach soccer group presenting a slightly better average, although without a statistically significant difference (p=0.642). For chronotype, both groups showed an intermediate tendency, also without significant difference (p=0.073). Finally, levels of daytime sleepiness were lower in the futsal group compared to beach soccer, but again without statistical significance (p=0.124). Conclusion: Beach soccer players demonstrated better mental health indicators (stress, anxiety, and depression) compared to futsal players. Regarding sleep, beach soccer players showed better subjective sleep quality. The average chronotype was similar between groups (intermediate). Daytime sleepiness was lower among futsal players. Thus, the affirmative hypothesis was partially confirmed.