EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO E LUTA DE CLASSES NO ESTADO NEOLIBERAL: As escolas de ensino médio dos assentamentos de reforma agrária no Ceará e a disputa por hegemonia

Abstract

This thesis analyzes the dispute for hegemony in Brazilian education, based on rural education policy, in the current state of class struggle in contemporary capitalism and its neoliberal state, using as an empirical basis the high schools of agrarian reform settlements in Ceará. It is based on theoretical references of a Marxist basis to understand the disputes for public policies of rural education, led by social movements that organize the peasant working class, as current expressions of the class struggle in the framework of the relationship between State and Society in Capitalism. Based on historical-dialectical materialism, it uses quantitative and qualitative data and analyses, using the methodological procedures of bibliographic, documentary and field research, the strategy of triangulation of methods and content and statistical analyses. The analysis of public policies indicates that the struggle for the construction of high schools in agrarian reform settlements in Ceará is an ongoing struggle for the right to education and for the educational project, which manifests itself in the struggles for material conditions, concepts, school format, teacher training, and the political-pedagogical direction of schools. It is argued that the right to a public policy for rural education and the dispute for the hegemony of the educational project of the working class, realized in the high schools of agrarian reform settlements in Ceará, in the contradictions of contemporary capitalism, is expressed as “occupied schools”, that is, as a partial and provisional conquest, permanently challenged by the hegemony of the dominant bourgeois educational policy, maintained to the extent of the organization and ongoing struggle of peasant social movements, but which can only be effective as an anti-capitalist education.