Fenomenologia da escuta do relato da vivência de sujeitos que usam drogas

Abstract

The general objective of the present study was to carry out a phenomenology of listening to the reports of subjects who use drugs and, specifically, to describe the phenomenon experienced in the subject-drug relationship, identifying through eidetic reduction the meaning that the subjects attribute to their relationship with drugs and, finally, to carry out a transcendental reduction of the reports heard. The methodological path chosen was a qualitative, empirical, non-experimental research with a Husserlian phenomenological orientation. As phenomenological foundations that guided the execution of the method, there are intentionality, phenomenological reduction, intersubjectivity, empathy, temporality, corporeality and the intentional analysis of experiences. This research was carried out at the municipal Psychosocial Care Center – Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAPS ad), in the city of São Luís - Maranhão. Fourteen people who were undergoing treatment at CAPS ad participated. As an nstrument, an open interview was used, with a starting question. The interviews were analyzed from the Husserlian phenomenological method, namely, the phenomenological, eidetic and transcendental reduction. An intentional analysis of the participants experiences was made, evidencing how the essences that emerged from their lifeworld. The use of drugs happens as a means to deal with family conflicts, relationships and everyday problems. Another essence contained in the reports is the understanding of drug use as a relationship, and that after realizing the damage, the subjects sought to put na end to this relationship. The notion of corporeality also appeared as an essence, in the use and post-use of drugs, and how subjects perceive themselves in the world. Thus, it was concluded that even with the variations in content in the reports, all experiences converged to the same common core, of a world of life marked by drug use.