Conselho Estadual de Educação e gestão da política educacional do campo maranhense: realidade, contradições, possibilidades e tendências

Abstract

The thesis has as its object the Democratic Management of public education in the Maranhão countryside, focusing on the actions and publications of the Maranhão State Education Council (CEE/MA), in the context of its normative, consultative, deliberative and propositional attributions, as a body that regulates the educational policies of the state education system. It also seeks to carry out a critical-overcoming analysis of the contradictions present in the construction, elaboration and socialization of the state educational policy for the Maranhão countryside, based on the legislation and actions of the State Education Council, in the context of the class struggle in the countryside. The following stand out as specific objectives: 1) Understand the nature and specificity of Education; especially in the countryside; 2) Analyze the historical path of the construction of democratic management of Education; 3) Discuss the contradictory experience of Education Councils in building democratic management; and 4) Present a proposition that overcomes the contradictions in the class struggle, in the Maranhão countryside, in the dispute over the direction of educational policy, with popular participation. As a method of analysis, historical-dialectical materialism is adopted, considering that it contributes to unveiling the essence of the thing, the object and the actions emanating from the CEE/MA, which is researched, as well as the multiple determinations that surround it, starting from the concrete reality of the class struggle in the countryside, the social function of rural education and the dispute over the direction of educational policy, seeking the genesis. The work establishes a dialogue with Marxist thinkers and researchers, although at times it dialogues with non-Marxist theorists, given the complexity of the theme, especially that which involves the Council as a space of civil society, in interrelationship with the State, as well as Rural Education. As methodological procedures, bibliographical and documentary research was carried out and semi-structured interviews were carried out with counselors who are or were part of CEE/MA, in the period from 2010 to 2020, as a space/time in which actions involving rural education in the Maranhão. As a research problem, the question is: given the vital problems of land use, possession and ownership and the specificity of rural education, what are the contradictions, mediations, trends and critical-overcoming possibilities of the direction of democratic management of rural education? , amidst the intensification of the class struggle, present themselves, having as reference the actions and publications of the State Education Council of Maranhão (CEE/MA), in the context of its normative, consultative, deliberative and propositional attributions, as a body that regulates the educational policies of the state education system? As a summary, it is concluded that the relationships within the CEE are incipient, with no effective actions being identified that characterize a correlation of forces, however, contradictions and possibilities for overcoming contradictions are glimpsed. In view of this, the thesis is defended that the change in the correlation of forces and change in the hegemonic tendency in the Democratic Management of Education to serve the interests of landowners and agribusiness, involves the action of the State Education Council, supported by popular participation, in civil and political society, facing the contradictions that are destroying public education in Brazil.