Validação de aparência e semântica de tecnologia assistencial sobre prematuridade para enfermeiros e médicos da atenção básica

Abstract

The appropriate and integrated use of Assistive Technologies (AT) can promote more individualized and evidence-based care, resulting in better clinical outcomes for premature children followed in Primary Care. In this sense, the objective of this study was to validate the appearance and semantics of an assistive technology on prematurity for nurses and doctors in Primary Care. This was a validation study, classified as low density, which allows the target audience to evaluate various aspects of the technology without interfering with the content. The Assistive Technology was a guide type, developed as part of a macro project aimed at standardizing and optimizing the care provided to pre-term born children, ensuring that primary care professionals have the necessary guidelines for effective and evidence-based follow-up. The study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Federal University of Maranhão. This study continued with the development of the third version of the Guide with the creation of the Guide's appearance, validation of the appearance by judges, validation of appearance and semantics with the target audience, the primary health care professionals, and the availability of the printed version of the "Practical Guide for the Follow-up of the Pre-term Born Child in Primary Care". The appearance validation was carried out by a group of five judges, previously involved in the macro project, using the Delphi Technique, and the data were collected through an online instrument that contained the characterization of the judges and criteria for illustrations and design, overall organization, structure, presentation strategy, coherence, and formatting. Subsequently, the Guide underwent a stage of appearance and semantic validation with the technology's target audience, doctors and nurses working in primary care, with an evaluation instrument with criteria that contained objectives, organization, writing style, appearance, and motivation. This process aimed to evaluate the semantics and appearance of the Guide, seeking a Semantic Validity Index of 70% as a parameter of agreement. The validation by judges and with the primary health care professionals, including doctors and nurses, considered the guide satisfactory for the care of premature children, with a Semantic Validity Index of 91% and 97% respectively for most criteria. The main suggestions included visual improvements and the inclusion of information for practice, leading to adjustments that improved the semantics and appearance of the Guide. Finally, the layout and finalization stage involved the printed publication of the Guide. The "Practical Guide for the Follow-up of the Pre-term Born Child in Primary Care" was validated in terms of appearance and semantics with judges and professionals working in primary care.