Conhecimento e percepções sobre HPV e sua vacinação entre adultos quilombolas de Caxias, Maranhão

Abstract

Introduction: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is considered the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. HPV is extremely contagious. The main way to prevent HPV is vaccination. Research carried out in several countries has identified limited knowledge about HPV in different populations. Maranhão is the second Brazilian state with the largest number of quilombo remnants. Quilombola communities are ethnic-racial groups predominantly made up of a black population. In general, data on the health of the quilombola population is scarce. A study carried out with quilombola and gypsy women from Caxias – MA, showed a high prevalence of HPV infection, even higher than the prevalence recorded in the northeast region and Brazil. Due to the scale of problems related to HPV and the lack of specific and concrete information about the health of the quilombola population. Objective: To analyze knowledge and perceptions about HPV and its vaccination among adults from quilombola communities in Caxias, Maranhão. Methodology: The study is characterized as descriptive, and cross-sectional with a quantitative approach. Interviews were carried out guided by a questionnaire composed of multiple-choice questions. Results: A total of 302 individuals participated in the study. The majority were women (61.3%), aged between 18 and 34 years old (38.4%). Overall, both women and men reported having heard about HPV (88.1% and 86.3%). The form of HPV transmission was better known among younger individuals (18 – 34 and 35 – 49 years old). Conclusions: Although the majority of participants are aware of HPV, there was a considerable gap in the detailed understanding of the virus, its forms of transmission, prevention, and the importance of vaccination. It is essential to implement health education strategies that consider the sociodemographic characteristics of quilombola communities.