Análise da modulação autonômica cardiovascular, fatores psicológicos e qualidade de sono pré e pós competição em jogadoras de voleibol na categoria universitária do município de São Luís – MA

Abstract

The spread of team sports and the evolution of tactical, technical, and physical components have broadened the perspectives of coaching staff regarding the importance of psychological factors as part of training, as they are noted by various sports agents to justify the achievement of certain results. Anxiety, depression, and sleep emerge as influential aspects, even associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The latter is linked to heart rate variability (HRV) as one means to investigate this component. Given this, this study aims to analyze cardiovascular autonomic modulation, psychological factors, and sleep quality of these university players before and after competitions. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and HRV analysis were used as instruments. Descriptive analysis of maximum, mean, minimum, standard deviation of the mean, and effect size was then conducted for BAI, BDI, and PSQI. As for behavioral variables, in the JUMS, there were mild and minimal levels of anxiety, with a mean of (13.25 ± 8.31 and 7.42 ± 7.09). In the JUBS, the results were (12.00 ± 10.12 and 6.09 ± 5.32), with effect sizes of 0.75 and 0.87, respectively. Regarding depression, the means in the JUMS were (13.75 ± 8.50 and 14.17 ± 7.96). In the JUBS, the means were (11.27 ± 6.72 and 12.73 ± 5.39), with effect sizes of 0.05 and 0.23. Sleep quality improved from phase 1 to phase 2 in both competitions: JUMS (6.92 ± 2.02 and 5.67 ± 2.39) and JUBS (7.09 ± 2.02 and 5.55 ± 2.50), with effect sizes of 0.56 and 0.67, respectively. In the time domain of HRV, in the JUMS, there was a reduction in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity (SDNN index) and a reduction in the pNN50 index. In the JUBS, in addition to the reduction in the previous indices, there was a reduction in RR and parasympathetic activity (RMSSD). In the frequency domain, a reduction in sympathetic activity and an increase in parasympathetic activity (LF% and HF%) were observed in the JUMS. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that cardiovascular autonomic modulation may affect psychological aspects and sleep quality in university players before and after competitions in São Luís - MA.