Perfil lipídico e fatores associados em pacientes dispépticos com indicação ao exame de Endoscopia Digestiva Alta

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is characterized by changes in the metabolic level of lipids circulating in blood plasma, triggering an increase in levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-c) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), as well as a decrease in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-c) levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lipid profile of dyspeptic patients indicated for upper digestive endoscopy, according to anthropometric parameters, systemic blood pressure and Helicobacter pylori infection. This is an observational study with a quantitative and cross-sectional approach. The sample was selected by convenience, in a public endoscopy service. The study included people aged 18 years or over, both sexes, with a medical indication to undergo Upper Digestive Endoscopy (EDA). Patients who were in the gestational or lactation period, used antibiotics, gastric antisecretory medications in the two weeks prior to EDA, antilipemic drugs, with gastric physiology disorders, patients undergoing bariatric surgery using the Sleeve technique were excluded. Data processing and statistical analysis were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science®, version 22.0. This research was assessed by the Ethics Committee for Research involving human beings at the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) and approved under opinion No. 3,212,699. High serum levels of TG and VLDL-c were associated with male sex, age over 44 years, less than eight years of education, smokers, high body mass index and waist circumference. High serum TC levels were associated with being over 44 years of age and having less than eight years of education. High LDL-c levels were associated with being over 44 years old and high HDL-c levels with females. Lower levels of TC, LDL-c, TG, VLDL and higher levels of HDL-c were associated with the group of patients infected by H. pylori when compared to the other groups. It was shown that serum lipid concentrations in dyspeptic patients differ according to socioeconomic factors, anthropometric parameters and systemic blood pressure. H. pylori infection is related to a protective lipid profile against atherosclerosis, with elevated levels of HDL-c and reduced levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.