A gestão escolar e as implicações do relacionamento interpessoal em instituições públicas municipais e privadas da educação básica de Imperatriz-MA

Abstract

The interpersonal relationship is an indispensable factor for any organization, primarily for schools, due to its formative and social character. Thus, school management must prioritize actions and strategies to promote the development of a good organizational climate in schools. The overall objective was to analyze how school management, through interpersonal relationships, has been impacting the organizational climate and implying the fulfillment of the school's pedagogical and social role, as well as the achievement of its educational indicators. The investigation started from the conceptualization and understanding of the interpersonal relationship in schools, based on cultural-historical materialism of the Vygotsky and psychogenetic and affectivity of the Wallon. As for the methodological perspective, the present research took place through a qualitative approach and had as instruments for data collection the semi-structured interview and the direct observation. The research was carried out in two basic education schools in Imperatriz, Maranhão, being one from the municipal public network and the other private. After data collection, I adopted content analysis as an instrument for data analysis. The research showed that the interpersonal relationship has the power to change the entire dynamism of a school, implying in positive or negative factors and results, depending on the way the school management conducts itself. The more democratic and humanized the management is, the better the organizational climate in the school will be, and people, through work teams, are able to produce more effectively, and consequently, the better the results will be. Otherwise, the more autocratic and less humanized the school management is in conducting its activities, the farther the school will be from its pedagogical, strategic, and social objectives, and the lower the performance of the students in external evaluations will be. In order to highlight the importance of interpersonal relationships in schools, I developed as a final product of this research an instructive and informative material, a digital primer about interpersonal relationships in schools. The primer is intended for all school employees, and applies from the pedagogical management to the operational level activities and is entitled: "The Power of Interpersonal Relationship at School".