Síntese, caracterização e avaliação do potencial anticâncer e antibacteriano dos complexos [Cu(Fen)(L-Metionina)H2O]Cl·1.5H2O e [Cu(Fen)(L-Asparagina)H2O·Cl]H2O

Abstract

Copper complexes are highly versatile species widely applied in fields of catalysis, drug design, and bioinorganic. In this work, the ternary copper(II) complexes [Cu(Phen)(L methionine)H2O]Cl·1.5H2O and [Cu(Phen)(L-asparagine)H2O·Cl]H2O were synthesized. The properties of both complexes were evaluated using advanced techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Raman and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). As the complex [Cu(Phen)(L-asparagine)H2O·Cl]H2O was obtained for the first time herein; so, its crystalline structure was solved by single crystal XRD, indicating that crystal belongs to triclinic symmetry with 𝑃1̅ space group. The results of Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR and density functional theory (DFT) calculations allowed the assignment of vibration modes of the complexes. According to the analysis of the TGA and DSC curves, both complexes showed good stability for moderated temperatures around 330 K. The XRD measurements as a function of temperature corroborated the results obtained from the TGA and DSC curves. Both complexes exhibited potent cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines, inhibiting 100% of the MV3 cell line (human melanoma cancer) and 90% of the MCF7 cell line (human breast cancer) at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. Cytotoxic effects were also observed for the cell lines MDA-MB-23 (human breast cancer) and DU 145 and PC3 (human prostate cancer), in which the complexes showed around 70–80% inhibition, at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. The two complexes showed low IC50 values, with the best result of 4.7 μg/mL for the MDA-MB-23 cell line (human breast cancer). In addition, biological studies in both complexes indicated antibacterial activity on Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Both complexes proved to be possible potentiators of commercial antibiotics, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) only 3x higher compared to the standard drug Gentamicin for the Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae.