Vulnerabilidade socioambiental associada a doenças transmitidas por artrópodes vetores no município de Anajatuba - MA.

Abstract

Diseases transmitted by arthropod vectors such as dengue, malaria, yellow fever leishmaniasis, among others, have high rates of cases throughout Brazil, especially in less economically in less economically developed and environmentally fragile areas. Among these, are the municipalities that are located in the Amazon Rainforest areas in the state of Maranhão, the so-called Maranhão Amazon. This region is the target of numerous illegal practices such as deforestation and deforestation and burning, situations that contribute to the dispersion of vectors that cause diseases. of diseases. The objective of this research is to analyze the socio-environmental vulnerability associated occurrence of diseases transmitted by arthropod vectors in the municipality of Anajatuba- MA. O municipality is inserted in the Environmental Protection Area of Baixada Maranhense, besides of the Brazilian Legal Amazon region. This is an ecological, analytical study, of observational research, with an iconographic base and a qualitative-quantitative approach. approach. A survey of secondary and primary data was carried out, based on quantitative methods quantitative methods, with emphasis on descriptive epidemiological data and the use of geotechnologies. The qualitative component of the study is materialized through systematic review systematic review and field research with observation of the landscape as to the degree of land use and occupation and occupation, in addition to content analysis based on interviews and questionnaires. The results showed that the city has a low rate of reported cases of diseases transmitted by arthropod vectors. transmitted by arthropod vectors, although Anajatuba presents some environmental characteristics favorable to the development of such diseases, although it does not indicate an apparent public health public health problem, it may be working as a camouflage for a much more complex reality. more complex reality. From the qualitative research, it was understood that the municipality needs hospitals hospitals with specialized services. Considering the vision of the residents, the proliferation of vectors the proliferation of vectors is related to deforestation, fires, and the poor quality of health services, referred to as the main the main obstacles in the municipality. The lack of action of of environmental enforcement agencies has added to the health problems, placing the municipality in situations of vulnerability. the municipality in situations of vulnerability.