Perfil da composição corporal, força muscular, ângulo de fase, nível de atividade física e risco cardiovascular de pacientes oncológicos em quimioterapia durante a pandemia da covid-19.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate and describe the phase angle profile and anthropometric and visitor health indicators essential for a good prognosis of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Materials and Method The sample consisted of 106 adult and elderly cancer patients, with different types of cancer, undergoing chemotherapy, of both sexes (71 women and 35 men). They were submitted to anthropometric and body

composition assessment (3 Pollock skinfold protocol, tetrapolar bioimpedance, waist- hip ratio, calf circumference and body mass index (BMI)), handgrip dynamometry and

the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ); Results: : After the analysis, we found that the Body Mass Index (BMI) of the patients showed that 49% had alterations in the ideal body mass index (13% below and 36% above the ideal). Regarding body composition, 62.9% of the patients showed significant changes in the percentage of body fat (22.9% below and 35% above the recommended level). The prevalence of high loss of skeletal muscle mass reached 76% of those assessed, indicating the possible development of sarcopenia, emphasizing that women are found in greater numbers compared to men. The waist-hip ratio of most patients (63.7%) indicated high (36.4%) and very high (27.3%) risks of developing cardiovascular diseases, with only 27.3% being moderate and 9.1% Low %, comparing men and women, we found that women had a more severe risk distribution profile, moderate to very high risk patients and, on the other hand, only men had low risk patients. Most patients also had inadequate strength levels (63.6%) for both men and women. Men are approximately 4 times more likely to have an insufficient level of strength compared to women. The phase angle with an average below the recommended level was found in 94.8% of the sample. The level of physical activity evaluated showed that 100% of the sample does not perform enough physical activity to get out of the sedentary lifestyle. Most patients reported that the insecurity of the pandemic period was one of the factors responsible for these results. Conclusion: With the investigation of the evaluations proposed in this present study, we concluded that patients undergoing chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic period found themselves with a level of physical activity far below the recommended level, sedentary, poor level of muscle strength, anthropometric indices and body composition with worrying negative alterations, increased cardiovascular risk and low phase angle in most of the sample.