CARACTERIZAÇÃO CLÍNICA E FUNCIONAL DE ADULTOS COM DIAGNÓSTICO DE INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA CRÔNICA

Abstract

Introduction: Heart Failure (HF) is a complex syndrome caused by a structural or functional impairment of the heart, thus impairing the filling or ejection capacity of the left ventricle. With the aging of the world population, its incidence increases due to the emergence of other chronic diseases. Objective: To characterize the clinical and functional profile of adults diagnosed with chronic heart failure. Methods: This is an observational study, with a cross-sectional design and a quantitative aspect. It comprises a total of 60 participants diagnosed with CHF and aged 20 years or more. Socio-economic, demographic and clinical data were collected through questionnaires, and functional performance was assessed using the six-minute walk test and sit and stand test. Results: The mean age of participants was 54.37. Predominantly male (60%), self-declared white race/color (41.7%), 35% reported as maximum education incomplete primary level, 40% family income less than two minimum wages, 46.7% are married or in a stable relationship. Regarding anthropometric measurements, the mean BMI was 26.52, prevailing overweight individuals (40%) and in the waist-hip ratio (WHR), which assesses cardiovascular risk, 61.7% were classified as high risk. Of the clinical profile, 53.3% have preserved ejection fraction and are classified as NYHA II or III, 43.3% have been in follow-up with a cardiologist for less than two years, 93.3% reported not being smokers and 91.7 % are not alcoholics. 65% reported having a family history of cardiovascular disease, 68.3% had Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) and 31.7% had Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and 88.3% did not have a pacemaker. The correlation between the distance covered in the 6MWT is statistically significant with age, presence of diabetes and systemic arterial hypertension. The number of repetitions in the TSL correlated with the presence of alcoholism, obesity and WHR are statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the deficit in functional performance is directly related to age, obesity, alcohol consumption, DM and SAH. Social and economic problems are also present in a large part of the group, due to the low level of education and low income, which will possibly influence the proper adherence to treatment, thus affecting the prognosis against CHF.