APLICATIVO MÓVEL SOBRE PREVENÇÃO DO CÂNCER DE MAMA PARA PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE: ESTUDO PILOTO DE ENSAIO CLÍNICO RANDOMIZADO PRAGMÁTICO

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer must be addressed by the multidisciplinary team of Primary Health Care, aiming at secondary prevention. The use of a mobile application can directly help the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of professionals, so it is necessary to verify the effectiveness of educational technology for health professionals, seeking to strengthen their skills in prevention strategies. Objective: To verify the effectiveness of the MAMAprev application for Primary Care health professionals. Methodology: This is an experimental pilot study of the Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial type by clusters, controlled and blind. A Standard Operating Protocol was developed with detailed instructions in the form of an activity script, to standardize the collection steps and procedures to be adopted. The MAMAprev Application was made available to the Intervention group, which uses a multidisciplinary team approach, in which health professionals are informed about the recommendations for breast cancer prevention from the Ministry of Health and the Brazilian Society of Mastology. For the control group, the digital version of the recommendations of the Notebook of Primary Care and the Brazilian Society of Mastology were made available. The collection was carried out through e-mails, telephone calls and messages by messaging application with primary care health professionals from ten municipalities in the state of Maranhão, which were divided into clusters/conglomerates, through simple random random allocation. The Knowledge, Attitude and Practice questionnaire - breast cancer prevention was used, applied in the pre and post intervention stages. Paired Student's t-test or paired Wilcoxon test was used. Shapiro-Wilk normality tests and Bartlett's tests of homogeneity of variance. Results: The Standard Operating Procedure was organized into eight steps, covering the six steps: recruitment, randomization and allocation, pre-test application, intervention availability, post-test application and data organization and analysis. Changes in the research execution protocol, containing the barriers and potentialities, were identified from the pilot study, providing indispensable data on the methodological route and analysis, serving as a starting point for the orientation of the randomized clinical trial with a larger sample. The pilot study population consisted of 24 professionals, 12 in each group (Intervention and Control). There was a statistically significant difference in the score obtained in the post-test of professionals in the intervention group on attitudes (p-value 0.01), where the median score in the pre-test was 62.5%, and in the post-test 87.5 %. As well as a statistically significant difference in the intervention group on knowledge (p-value 0.02) and practices (p-value 0.03). Conclusion: It was found that the professionals in the intervention group, when compared to the control group, had better knowledge, attitude and practice scores, after making the MAMAprev Application available, thus, an effective intervention, however, a broader study is needed. from this pilot. This study confers unprecedented health science by verifying the effectiveness of an application for health professionals on disease prevention, especially breast cancer, seeking to improve knowledge, attitude and practice and by presenting a randomized clinical trial, in a pragmatic way for its execution.