Efeitos de empreendimentos de grande porte na dinâmica territorial e socioambiental da região do distrito industrial de São Luís, Maranhão

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to understand the effects of large-scale projects on the territorial and socio-environmental dynamics of the industrial district of São Luís - MA. Therefore, it was necessary to identify the environmental changes that occurred in the area, analyze aspects of economic and social development in the communities of the area, in order to characterize the current situation of territorial dynamics and socio-environmental conflicts in the DISAL region. The research was initiated through a systematic bibliographic survey on the temporal transformations that occurred in the area and subsequent application of semi-structured questionnaires with 364 participants. most similar and ANOSIM one way, to explore dissimilarities between groups. The statistical analyzes were carried out in the past software version 4.03, in a second approach, environmental changes were also identified through the questionnaires compared with thematic maps on a space-time scale of 35 years, between the years 1985 to 2020. alterations suffered in the use and occupation of the land, were identified through the images of MAPBIOMAS and CBERES 4A, through the cartographic projection in official data base. The results found suggest, based on the environmental, social, economic and educational attributes, similarities between the rural communities surveyed. Thematic maps identified: an increase in plant suppression; an increase in occupation and a reduction in water bodies. In the speeches of the community extracted from the semi-structured questionnaires, the findings identified in the thematic maps are intensified. The results confirm the residents' perception of the territorial conflicts existing in the region and the increase in environmental degradation by large enterprises and the accelerated and disordered occupation process.