Associação entre o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e asma em adultos da coorte de Ribeirão Preto- SP (1978/1979).

Abstract

Asthma is a non-communicable, treatable chronic disease with a worldwide prevalence of 3.6% and 5.3% among Brazilians over 18 years of age. The combination of genetic and epigenetic factors with exposure to environmental factors are considered triggers for the development of asthma. Diet is an important environmental factor that has been linked to asthma. With urbanization, the prevalence of consumption of ultra-processed foods has increased, due to the practicality and low cost of these products. This change in diet is one of the main causes of the current pandemic of obesity and chronic diseases. In this context, the objective of this dissertation is to evaluate the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and asthma in adults. This is a cross-sectional study with 1877 adults aged 23-25 years, participants in the fourth follow-up of the cohort of Ribeirão Preto-SP (1978/1979). The exposure variable studied was % UPA consumption (in % caloric contribution - % VCT and in % contribution of grams - % grams) and the outcome variable was asthma defined from the bronchoprovocation test with positive methacholine and presence of wheezing or lack of shortness of breath or tightness in the chest. The association between the variables was analyzed by Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. Unadjusted and adjusted analyzes were performed for the variables gender, age, family income, smoking and physical activity level. Results: The prevalence of asthma in the sample was 13.6%. The mean total consumption of UPF was 37.9± 11.2 of % TCV (equivalent to 35.1 ± 15.1 of % grams). There was no association between UPA consumption and asthma in adults. Conclusion: The study does not suggest evidence of an association between consumption of these foods and asthma in young adults.