Silagem de ração completa a base de milho contendo subprodutos do babaçu em dietas de ovinos e bovinos

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the fermentative profile and chemical composition of total feed silages containing babassu by-products (starch flour and babassu cake). Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design (DIC) with four treatments and five replications. The treatments of the first experiment consisted of (50:50 sheep diets) and were distributed in (SM) corn silage, corn silage and 50% concentrate, with babassu starch flour (MFSFB), corn silage and 50% concentrate based on standard corn and soybean diet (MFS) and corn silage and 50% concentrate with babassu cake (MFSTB). The experimental diets were formulated to meet the requirements of sheep with an average weight of 20kg and average daily gain of 200g. The second experiment (60: 40 diets for cattle) was distributed in four treatments and five replications, however the treatments were composed of 60% of corn silage and 40% of concentrates with inclusion of the babassu by-products described in the first experiment, where the diets were formulated in order to meet nutritional requirements of dairy cows with a daily production of 15kg/day. For the silage process, the corn plant was cut approximately 10 cm from the ground, and chopped in a forage machine, and then mixed with the other ingredients and ensiled. After 40 days of fermentation, the silos were opened and the silages from the fermentation process were analyzed for their fermentation profile and chemical composition. There was a significant effect (P<0.05) for all variables evaluated, MS, PB, MM, MO, EE, NDT, LIG, NDF, NDFcp and ADF for the first experiment where the MFSTB treatment had a higher crude protein content compared to the other treatments. Babassu by-products and standard concentrates (MFS) provided an increase in DM and CP contents in total ration silages, and reduced NDF, NDFcp and ADF contents. There was a significant effect (P<0.05) for the variables losses by gases, effluents, in which the control treatment (SM) obtained higher values compared to the other treatments. For the second treatment The inclusion of by-products and the standard concentrate (MFS) altered the crude protein contents of the silages. There was a significant effect (P<0.05) for the NDF and NDFcp variables of the evaluated silages, where the inclusion of concentrated ingredients provided a reduction in the percentage values of NDF and NDFcp of silages in total diets. A significant effect (P<0.05) was observed for the acid detergent fiber (ADF) variable among the evaluated silages. A significant effect (P<0.05) was observed for the variables of pH, gas losses (GMS), effluents (kg/t of MV), and for dry matter recovery (RMS) in the evaluated silages. It is concluded that with the inclusion of babassu by products and standard corn and soybean concentrates, the total feed silages present a satisfactory fermentation profile and nutritional value, thus being able to meet the requirements of beef sheep and dairy cows. A significant effect (P<0.05) was observed for the variables of pH, gas losses (GMS), effluents (kg/t of MV), and for dry matter recovery (RMS) in the evaluated silages. It is concluded that with the inclusion of babassu by-products and standard corn and soybean concentrates, the total feed silages present a satisfactory fermentation profile and nutritional value, thus being able to meet the requirements of beef sheep and dairy cows. A significant effect (P<0.05) was observed for the variables of pH, gas losses (GMS), effluents (kg/t of MV), and for dry matter recovery (RMS) in the evaluated silages. It is concluded that with the inclusion of babassu by-products and standard corn and soybean concentrates, the total feed silages present a satisfactory fermentation profile and nutritional value, thus being able to meet the requirements of beef sheep and dairy cows.