Vórtices BPSS topológicos e não topológicos em teorias de calibre abelianas

Abstract

The Maxwell-Higgs theory indicates BPS (self-dual) magnetic vortices are stable configu rations found at the phase transition limit between the type I and type II superconductors. On the other hand, magnetic vortices possessing an electric field are described by the Chern-Simons-Higgs Electrodynamics, with applications in the physics of anions and Quantum Hall Effect. In this thesis, we investigate new structures of self-dual vortices in alternative models. We find out topological solutions in a scenario where a complex projective field CP (2) interacts with an Abelian gauge field. Besides, we show this last model can also support nontopological vortex either in the presence of a dielectric function depending on the complex field or when the Chern-Simons action controls the gauge field dynamics. Moreover, we suggest the formation of new topological vortices with and without electric field, which are described by the gauged O (3) sigma model in the presence of dielectric media engendered by introducing a real scalar field responsible for generating the effects of the internal structures.