Avaliação da ação antitumoral in vitro e anti-inflamagória da fração acetato de etila obtida do extrato da semente de Euterpe oleracea Mart.

Abstract

Natural products are a field for molecules with pharmacological properties to treat several diseases, inclunding cancer. Among the plant species with phytochemical potential, açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart) stands out for its antioxidant and antitumor potentials. The ethyl acetate fraction of the acai kernel has shown a promising cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cells. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the active compounds and their respective mechanisms of action. This work aimed to evaluate the in vitro antitumor action and the in vivo anti-inflammatory action of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the seed of E. oleracea Mart. The hydroalcoholic partition of the lyophilisate was performed and subsequent fractionation and ethyl acetate fraction was obtained. The fraction was submitted to Sephadex column polarity for partition. The fraction and subfractions were subjected to mass analysis and high performance liquid chromatography. The fraction and subfractions were subjected to mass analysis and high performance liquid chromatography. For in vitro test, two cell lines were used, one sensitive to estrogen: MCF7 (mammary adenocarcinoma), and the other non-sensitive to estrogen, MDA-MB-231 (mammary carcinoma) and the healthy mammary gland, MCF 10A. Cell viability assay was performed with sulforrodamine B to determine the CC50 and selectivity indices. The determination of the mechanism of cell death was performed using flow cytometry with Annexin V and propidium iodide. blot. It was observed that the material studied is rich catechin, epicatechin and pelargodine. The crude extract has better cytotoxic effect than the fractions in the MDA-MB-231 lineage, and the ethyl acetate fraction effect than the MCF-7 lineage subfractions. The mechanism of cell death induction in both strains studied was aptosis. Furthermore, our study was the first to demonstrate a high selectivity rate for MCF-7 cells compared to normal cells.