Fatores associados ao potencial inflamatório da dieta em adolescentes brasileiros de 18-19 anos

Abstract

Introduction: The adoption of dietary patterns has no associated factors among adolescents and several may be associated. The Energy Adjusted Diet Inflammatory Index (IIDE) is an instrument capable of verifying, through food, the risk of a population being inflamed. Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the inflammatory potential of the diet of adolescents 18-19 years old from São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out with 2,455 adolescents, aged between 18 and 19 years, from the second follow-up of the São Luís Cohort 1997/98. To assess food consumption, the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used and the IIDE was determined. To compare the intake of dietary parameters according to the IIDE, in tertiles, the Kruskal Wallis test was used. The outcome variable was the IIDE and the explanatory variables were: sex, education, income, skin color, physical activity, diet modification, smoking habit and screen time. To verify the association between the explanatory variables and the IIDE, continuous variable, a multivariate linear regression analysis was performed. Results: The IIDE had a median of +1.5 and a mean of +1.6 (SD: 1.4). Adolescents who changed their diet for weight loss (ꞵ=-0.5; IC95%:-0.7; - 0.3), who practiced moderate physical activity (ꞵ=-0.1; IC95%:-0.2; -0.1) and high (ꞵ=-0.3; IC95%: -0.4; -0.1) and who were in pre-university course (ꞵ=-0.8; IC95%: -1.5; -0.2) and college (ꞵ=-0.8; IC95%: -1.4; -0.2) had lower IIDE values. Conclusion: Adolescents had a proinflammatory diet and those with higher education, who had changed their diet for weight loss and practiced moderate and high physical activity had a less proinflammatory diet.