Associação mediada por TGF-β E IL-10 entre periodontopatógenos em gestantes e nascimento pré-termo

Abstract

The woman's body undergoes various physiological, immunological and hormonal changes during pregnancy. In the oral cavity appears to be an increase in the proportion of anaerobic bacteria. Some studies have investigated the association between oral health problems during pregnancy and preterm birth. However, the results are still controversial and the biological mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Two articles are presented. The first one, already published, was a review of the literature on oral changes during pregnancy. The objective was to discuss the major oral changes related to pregnancy, their possible systemic mechanisms and dental treatment during pregnancy, found that the inflammation of the periodontal tissues increases in extent and severity during the course of normal pregnancy, even without change in the amount of biofilm present. In addition, dental treatment during pregnancy is safe, suitable and relevant, constituting an important preventive procedure for both (mother/child). The second article, a case-control study nested in a prospective cohort of pregnant women in the city of São Luís, Brazil (BRISA), aims to evaluate the association between periodontal pathogens in pregnant women and preterm birth. In this study, using structural equation modeling, it was found that the presence of periodontal pathogens was not associated with preterm birth. We conclude that dental treatment during pregnancy promotes the health benefits of the patient, providing an oral condition of comfort, function and aesthetics. Moreover, the presence of periodontal pathogens alone does not represent an independent risk factor for preterm birth, but only when considering all infections during pregnancy.