Processo de trabalho de profissionais no atendimento às crianças com síndrome congênita pelo vírus zika

Abstract

Emerging epidemiological crises, such as the explosion of cases of the Zika virus in Brazil in 2015, cause changes in the health work process, as they need to adapt the conditions applicable to the process. This conflicting and new scenario burdens health professionals, they are subjected to emotional exhaustion, strong stress, depersonalization and reduced personal fulfillment and with consequences that reflect on the professional's personal and physical life. In Brazil, in 2016, 1,551 cases of microcephaly and other disorders of the nervous system, associated with congenital infection, were confirmed in 556 municipalities in the country. The cases are mainly concentrated in the Northeast region of the country. In view of this scenario, WHO declared Zika as a Public Health Emergency of International Interest. In this context, health professionals needed to adapt their work process to ensure comprehensive care for these children. Therefore, this thesis aimed to: Analyze changes in the work process of professionals in the context of the Zika virus epidemic; Identify sociodemographic characteristics and training of the interviewed professionals; Understand the perception of the epidemic of congenital syndrome associated with the Zika virus; Identify aspects that influence the work process in caring for children with congenital syndrome associated with the Zika virus. This is a qualitative research, of the case study type, carried out in a Neurodevelopment Reference Center, in the capital of the Brazilian Northeast, from 04/2018 to 01/2019. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 12 professionals, analyzed using the thematic modality of content analysis. As a result, the research resulted in two articles entitled: Effects of an epidemic on health work: caring for children with congenital Zika virus syndrome and A new look at microcephaly: professionals' perception of the congenital syndrome associated with the Zika virus. The first had as categories: an unknown epidemic and The (dis)organization of care and discussed the discovery of the epidemic by professionals, emphasizing that it was surrounded by uncertainties due to the lack of knowledge about the new syndrome, in addition to producing a feeling of insecurity and disorganizing the process. of work. The second was categorized into: Perceptions of professionals about children with SCVZ and Perceptions of professionals about parents of children with SCVZ. The professionals lived with the unpredictability and stress caused by the unknown of the syndrome, despite this, the fact that neurorehabilitation is already part of their daily lives, dispersed difficulties generated by the discomfort of the uncertainty of their activities. They realized the need to focus care on the family, since the parents were fragile and distressed by the situation. The professionals found themselves in the midst of diverse feelings that oscillated between positive and negative feelings. In view of the above, it was concluded that the epidemic brought to light existing weaknesses and made it urgent to reorganize practices and expand the infrastructure of services. It was considered an uncontrollable phenomenon, which strongly impacted families, deconstructed certainties of knowledge and generated fear and anguish for professionals involved in the care of these children. KEY WORDS: