Estrutura e diversidade do componente lenhoso de uma restinga no litoral maranhense

Abstract

The sandbanks are an ecosystem that is highly threatened by anthropogenic actions, so studies are needed in order to understand the great diversity of species and of species and ecological interactions of such environments that may in the future offer future to provide subsidies for conservation actions. Thus, the present study aimed to understand the component, from a phytosociological study, of a sandbank on the coast of Maranhão Maranhão and analyze the diametric and hypsometric distribution of the species of greatest importance importance (VI). Fifty points were used, distributed in 5 transects of 100m in the the Sitio Aguahy restinga through the quadrant-point method, totaling 200 vegetation samples. samples. The species with the highest VI had their populations analyzed for diameter and height distribution. diameter and height distribution. A total of 25 species and 16 families were sampled, with Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Malpighiaceae, Ochnaceae and Sapotaceae presenting the highest specific richness. The diversity diversity index was 2.715 nat.ind-1 and the equability was 0.844. The diametric distribution The diametric distribution was J-inverted and the largest number of individuals were between one and four meters high. and four meters high. The species Coccoloba ramosissima stood out for its ability already reported in the literature as an important mechanism in recolonization processes. A presence of many individuals of Byrsonima gardneriana may indicate interactions with bees that use the resources of this species to build their nests, while the species Manilkara triflora may be using strategies such as growth and reproduction of the of the individual by means of ramifications. The large number of branches of Anacardium occidentale observed in the study area has also been documented in other coastal areas. The vertical and horizontal structure of Astrocaryum vulgare showed gaps in the diametric and hypsometric diametric and hypsometric distribution, a fact that should be observed with attention since the species is able to establish itself quickly in disturbed environments and with much light, contributing to the luminosity, contributing to the processes of regeneration and ecological succession.