SOS MAMA: APLICATIVO MÓVEL PARA PUÉRPERAS QUE VIVENCIAM DIFICULDADES NO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO.

Abstract

Introduction: The interruption of breastfeeding, for many puerperal woman, is beyond their choice, having a profound relationship with the difficulties faced during this process. For this reason, the approach of educational health technologies is relevant, since there is a need to promote health education geared to the population's interests, strengthened by the use of ludic means that favor understanding, awakening to reality, using innovations and technological advances. Therefore, it is believed in the development of an educational technology in the form of application software, suitable in terms of content, appearance and usability to face the difficulties in the management of breastfeeding. Objective: To construct an application software on breast care during breastfeeding difficulties, based on social cognitive theory and according to the principles of User-Centered Design (UCD). Methodology: This is a methodological study based on social cognitive theory and UCD. The construction of the application followed the principles of the UCD, namely: Focus on the user and his tasks, in which studies of literature review were developed that subsidized the choice of the adopted technology; state of the art, to substantiate the content presented in the application; and field study, a qualitative step to identify the needs of puerperal women who experience difficulties in breastfeeding. In addition, usability measurement was carried out, in which the prototype of the application software was construct, and then studies were conducted to validate the content with the participation of experts in computing and evaluation of the prototype by the target audience, according to with Nielsen's Heuristics. For qualitative data organization, the Web Qualitative Data Analysis © software (webQDA ©) was used, and the product validation was tested using the Content Validity Index (CVI), a binomial exact test at 5% significance, to verify statistical reliability of adequacy for all items of the assessment instrument, as well as for its domains. All tests were performed using the IBM SPSS program. The study was developed from July 2018 to December 2019, complying with ethical-legal aspects, related to research involving human beings, approved under the protocol: 3.387.573. Results: Studies were carried out to subsidize the choice of technology addressed in the study, identification of the main difficulties in breastfeeding experienced by women, with an approach to symptoms and treatment of each difficulty, understanding the needs of women who experience difficulties in breastfeeding, these being taken into account for the development of the application software prototype. The prototype of the application was called ‘SOS mama’, with 85 screens that address the concept, prevention and management of the main difficulties faced by puerperal women in the breastfeeding process. After its creation, it was submitted to the target audience's evaluation, where the suggestions for the new version were considered and, concomitantly, a content validation study was conducted by teaching specialists and healthcare professionals, where the CVI reached 0.78. Thurefore, the application was considered validated in terms of content, although the judges pointed out suggestions for improving the application, which were considered in the final software version. The usability assessment was carried out and the errors pointed out by the judges in computing were corrected in the new version. Conclusion: The study enabled the creation of an application software for puerperal women who experience breastfeeding difficulties, being validated by judges on content and information technology, and positively evaluated by the target audience.