Atualização da utopia concreta no capitalismo neoliberal: crítica do trabalho alienado, defesa do tempo livre e emancipação humana.

Abstract

In this thesis we update the concrete utopia of communism, based on the critique of alienated work, the defense of free time and the struggle for human emancipation, analyzing the organic relationship of the State and capital in the context of neoliberal capitalism. The necessity for the State do positivly overcome this is expressed in a destructive dynamic of production by production, as an end in itself, a nature inherent to capitalism, as well as in bourgeois ideologies, which are strengthened in current capitalism. We reveal, however, more than ever, the own structural crisis of capital, which, as a way out, globalizes itself, strongly imposing the ethos of the market and the naturalization of bourgeois existence. With neoliberalism, we have witnessed the precarized expansion of different forms of work and the extinction of others, which promotes on the one hand theories of the end of work, on the other, the sacralization of work. Both fall into the same problem, disregarding the double character of the work. We point out, in this scenario, the existence of more free time, which has not guaranteed more quality of life for the worker, but more illness and consumerism. In neoliberalism, in which the individual is even more individualized, the criticism of the concept of bourgeois individual is necessary. We demonstrate that only in the emancipated society does the individual realize himself in his full individuality, with the overcoming of the generalization of alienation. But there is no narrative of despair, as it is a time of concrete utopia, of communism. In the long tradition of the oppressed, the struggle against the effects of alienated work and for more free time has always moved workers, for this reason the importance of the struggle to reduce the working day, as well as their creative appropriation, aiming at more health to workers, as well as their intellectual elevation. We rescued the tradition of the oppressed through the most diverse experiences of abstract-imaginative utopias, which do not present themselves as ruptures, but as qualified continuities until the concrete utopia of overcoming capitalism, the maximum expression of the critical revolutionary human emancipation project, an open project that it aims at the realm of real freedom and concrete happiness.