Gestão da diversidade no mercado de trabalho: experiências e práticas de inclusão de mulheres e negros em empresas maranhenses

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the practice of internal actions aimed at promoting racial and gender diversity and inclusion (D&I) in the corporate context of companies that make up the labor market in the state of Maranhão. Therefore, a methodological perspective focused on historical-dialectical materialism was used, which, by associating diachronic analysis (of genesis and development) with a synchronic analysis (of structure and function in the current organization), allows us to assess the complete richness of social relations – which consists of going beyond the immediate appearance, seeking to reach the perception of the essence of the investigated object through analytical procedures. With this, it was intended to apprehend the mechanisms that lead to the historical and continuous exclusion of women and blacks in the Brazilian labor market. The research consisted of a bibliographic and documental survey and field research. The following categories were discussed: Work, Sexual Division of Labor, Structural Racism, Gender, Race, Class and Intersectionality, as well as the concepts of Diversity Management and Corporate Social Responsibility. In the empirical research, it was verified how the organizations from Maranhão that claim to be socially responsible are promoting equality among their staff, analyzing the implementation (or not) of internal D&I actions. The first stage of the field research collected internal data on the gender and race/color characteristics of employees at their respective hierarchical levels. After that, semi-structured interviews were carried out with the managers responsible for Human Resources (HR) of the selected organizations in order to obtain information on the implementation of internal policies or affirmative actions to promote the inclusion of women and black people. Anchored in all the information collected, it was possible to verify that companies from Maranhão need to advance a lot in relation to the development of internal policies/actions to promote D&I and combat gender and racial inequalities in the labor market. The survey results showed that companies from the private sector, and even from the public sector, present in Maranhão are very late (neglect) in the implementation of actions to include these groups, especially in racial equality policies, therefore, inequalities are continuous. for women and especially for the black population in the local market. For many organizations, this type of policy remains just a discourse and not a practice.