As representações da morte em o monstro e outros contos, de Humberto de Campos

Abstract

Throughout our existence, we have always known that death is, in relation to all our experiences, the only certainty of our lives and that is present in the life of man from the origin of the world. Thus, Death and Literature have always talked through representations and manifestations referring to certain times, manifesting in literary works since Ancient Greece. Therefore, death is an essential element in our lives and plays a fundamental role in the social context and in the individuals of which it is a part, even though it is ignored by us most of the time. Thus, its perception, with its different conceptions and aspects, depends not only on the historical time in which it occurs, but also on the family, social and cultural context in which it is inserted. Moreover, this fact is analyzed by several scholars, who claim that there are four types of death: biological or physical, psychic, spiritual and social. At the social level, such an event is understood as a revealing element of the power of separation, exclusion or cutting, of total break with the family and / or community, because it is no longer inserted in the standards of life imposed by society (THOMAS, 1976). Thus, in the anthology O Monstro e outros contos, by Maranhense writer Humberto de Campos, we observe death in its various aspects as an essential factor, since the existence of the characters of the tales “O Monstro”, “Retirantes”, “O Furto”,“O Caldo” and “O Seringueiro” is permeated by the idea of death constantly. From this, we have as main objective the analysis of how this event manifests itself socially and historically in the lives of individuals related to different contexts. Based on the studies and reflections of the above-mentioned tales that show us death, particularly as a social element, which can also be seen as something excluding, highlighting its relevance and its representations in society through literature and existing discussions. in relation to the literary and exclusion scope. Thus, for the conclusion of this path, it was necessary to reflect the duality between life and death from readings of literary and historical texts, and how our attitudes were being reshaped and in some historical moments these changes were almost imperceptible. in others the transformations were abrupt in relation to death and dying.