Acolhimento institucional e acolhimento familiar: uma análise sobre os desafios e entraves na implementação do Família Acolhedora em São Luís – MA

Abstract

This study aims to identify the main challenges and obstacles that exist in Host Family Program implementation in São Luís, considering the low number of hosting and registrations. For this, we map a theoretical-methodological path about the categories that justifies the process of hosting children and adolescents: Poverty, Families and Social Care. We describe the historical trajectory of Children Protection Policy in Brazil, in which the institutionalization culture was consolidated during the process, under the Irregular Situation Doctrine until we reached Integral Protection Doctrine, according to the Statute of Children and Adolescents. From then on, based on legislation and normative guidelines that qualify the host service and show how important is the family and community coexistence, we address the characteristics that make the host family program a priority protection measure. In this perspective, about the methodological path used to achieve the results of this qualitative research, regarding the challeging elements to host family program implementation, we use the literature review, documentary and field researchs, that were made through semi-structured interviews with coordenators and main subjects of Children´s Rights Guarantee System. Thus, considering the analysis of all these informations, it was possible to detect the main challenges that envolves the implementation of the Family host Program in São Luís: First of all, there is not a host family program disclosure neither financial prioritization by its managing body; then, the difficulties of really understanding how the hosting program works by several subjects of Children´s Rights Guarantee System; and the constant changes of management agents which have the power of decision and, lastly, the lack of articulation between Children´s Rights Guarantee System Institutions and the Host Family Program.