Insatisfação com a autoimagem corporal e transtornos depressivo e bipolar em adolescentes

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Dissatisfaction with body self-image (DBI) is the affective component of body image (BI), characterized as a negative evaluation of one's own appearance. DBI can affect adolescents, who do not receive proper care, tend to persist, causing distress and resulting in mental disorders (MD). OBJECTIVE: Verify the existence of an association between Dissatisfaction with Body Self-image (DBI), Depressive (DD) and Bipolar (BD) Disorders in adolescents from a birth cohort. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 2,163 adolescents aged 18 to 19 years. We used Stunkard scale to study socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, stressor events, nutritional status and body image (BI). Besides, we investigated the existence of depressive or bipolar disorders (DBD), through the M.I.N.I. diagnostic interview. For the categorical variables, we calculated Pearson's chi-square test. To identify confounding variables we constructed a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) and performed a statistical analysis by causal inference through the inverse weighting of the selection probability. We considered the balance of variables when the absolute standard differences of the predictor variables were <0.25 and the variance ratios were between 0.80 and 1.20. Variables with p-value <0.05 were considered significant. We analyzed all data in Stata. RESULTS: The prevalence of DBD in adolescents with DBI was higher (22.06%) than adolescents satisfied with their body image (SBI) (16.67%) (p <0.05). Likewise, the prevalence of malnutrition (17.41%) and overweight (22.33%) (p <0.05), and sedentary lifestyle (45.94%) (p <0.05) were higher in the adolescents with DBI compared to SBI adolescents. There was no association between DBI and DBD in adolescents: DBD (CI: 95%, -0.309; 0.080, p = 0.384); DD (CI: 95%, -0.060, 0.045, p = 0.782); BD (CI: 95%, -0.032; 0.058, p = 0.578). CONCLUSION: Therefore, DBI had no effect on DBD in the adolescents of this study.