Efeitos do treinamento físico aeróbio e resistido em modelo experimental de síndrome metabólica com privação dos hormônios ovarianos: componentes do estresse oxidativo no tecido hepático.

Abstract

With the advent of menopause, as well as post-menopause, the protective effects of ovarian hormones are diminished. This fact, which projects permissibility regarding the involvement of cardiometabolic degenerative diseases. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic and resistance physical training on the deprivation of ovarian hormones associated with hypertension and chronic fructose consumption on metabolic, cardiovascular and oxidative stress parameters in liver tissue. Female Wistar (n = 8) and SHR (n = 40) rats were divided into: control (C), hypertensive (H), oophorectomized hypertensive (HO), hypertensive treated with oophorectomized fructose (HOF) submitted to aerobic physical training (HFOTa) or resistance physical training (HFOTr). Aerobic physical training (treadmill; 1h / day; 5x / week) and resistance physical training (ladder adapted for rats; 1h / day; 5x / week) were performed for 8 weeks. Parameters of cardiovascular function, metabolic and physical capacity and its relationship with changes in liver oxidative stress were evaluated. The results show a higher HR in the hypertensive group submitted to oophorectomy + fructose overload (HOF: 393 ± 28 bpm), when compared to the groups: C (350 ± 31 bpm), H (355 ± 18 bpm), HO (345 ± 34 bpm), HOFTa (335 ± 25 bpm) and HOFTr (333 ± 37 bpm). The groups that were deprived of ovarian hormones: HO (261 ± 8 g), HOF (261 ± 8 g), HOFTa (264 ± 11 g) had higher body weight at the end of the protocol, except the HOFTr group (241 ± 8 g). The performance of the exercise test at the end of the eight weeks obtained a longer running time for the trained animals (HOFTa: 25 ± 2.3 min) compared to sedentary animals (C: 18 ± 5.6 min, H: 24 ± 4, 8 min, HO: 23 ± 4.8 min, HOF: 22 ± 4.8 min). The final maximum load test, HOFTr (554 ± 42 g) was greater than C (204 ± 31 g), H (360 ± 56 g), HO (335 ± 104 g), HOF (410 ± 56 g), showing the effectiveness of training in these animals. For TBARS, HOF (1.6 ± 0.28 umol / mg protein) was higher compared to H (1.0 ± 0.34 umol / mg protein), HO (1.0 ± 0.25 umol / mg protein) ). For Carbonilas, H (7 ± 3.05 nmol / mgprotein), HO (5.9 ± 1.13 nmol / mg protein), HOF (5.2 ± 1.27 nmol / mg protein), HOFta (5 , 2 ± 1.13 nmol / mg protein), HOFTr (5.3 ± 1.47 nmol / mg protein) were greater than C (1.0 ± 0.42 nmol / mg protein). The concentration of CAT (H: 6.6 ± 1.35 nmol / mg protein; HO: 6.9 ± 2.85 nmol / mg protein; HOF: 7.8 ± 1.92 nmol / mg protein; HOFta: 6 , 2 ± 0.93 nmol / mg protein; HOFTr: 6.4 ± 2.20 nmol / mg protein)) were greater than C (2.7 ± 0.90 nmol / mg protein). SOD activity, in the HOFTa group, 28.0 ± 5.02 nmol / mg protein) was higher than in C (22 ± 7.56 nmol / mg protein), H (18.9 ± 3.72 nmol / mg protein) ), HO (19.4 ± 4.54 nmol / mg protein), HOF (20.1 ± 5.30 nmol / mg protein), and with the exception of HOFTr (16.7 ± 5.19 nmol / mg protein) . GPx activity was higher in all groups (H: 112.2 ± 12.21 nmol / mg protein; HO: 101.4 ± 22.67 nmol / mg protein; HOF: 108.1 ± 20.70 nmol / mg protein; HOFta: 119.6 ± 15.57 nmol / mg protein; HOFTr: 98.4 ± 26.09 nmol / mg protein)) compared to C (41.0 ± 16.36 nmol / mg protein). Therefore, aerobic or resistance training of moderate intensity in this model of association of risk factors attenuated some of the metabolic and cardiovascular dysfunctions probably because it improves the oxidative stress profile in the liver tissue.