Somatotropinomas: aspectos clínicos e marcadores imunohistoquímicos

Abstract

Pituitary adenomas represent about 10 to 15% of all intracranial neoplasms. Somatotrophic adenomas secrete growth hormone and have a frequency of 15 to 20% of all pituitary adenomas. Although predominantly benign, some adenomas have recurrence and / or resistance to treatment, being considered clinically aggressive. This study aimed to evaluate the expression profile of the Ki-67, p53 protein, AIP and cytokeratin markers in somatotropinoma immunohistochemistry tests, relating these data to factors that predict aggressiveness and disease progression and to the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of these patients. This is a retrospective analytical study in which 22 patients who underwent surgical resection of the tumor aged over 18 years, of both sexes, were selected from the Endocrinology Service of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão - HUUFMA. The collection and selection of the pertinent data were made by reviewing medical records from 2018 to 2019 and the patients were followed up and submitted to tumor resection between 2008 and 2016. As a result, there was a higher prevalence of females in tumors with Ki -67 ≥ 1% (p-value 0.046), in addition, p53 protein was associated with treatment with pre-surgery somatostatin analogue (p-value 0.049) and most patients who had been treated with this medication were p53 negative . The markers Ki-67, p53, AIP and cytokeratin were not associated with tumor aggressiveness. It is concluded that the interpretation of the immunohistochemistry results must be in the clinical, radiological and surgical context of the patient, highlighting that among the markers evaluated, it was not possible to identify an association between any of them with aggressive tumor behavior.