Descrição do polimorfismo do Gene R577x da Alfa-Actinina 3, desempenho físico e Indicadores de ano muscular em jogadores profissionais da Série C do futebol Brasileiro

Abstract

Objective: To describe the R577X gene polymorphism, to analyze parameters of physical performance in games comparing the differences between play time of effort intensity, distance covered and sprints, and to analyze the kinetics of creatine kinase concentration in professional players of a club of the C Series of the Brazilian soccer. Material and methods: 17 male professional players from a Brazilian Serie C club in national and state level competition games was evaluated. All were genotyped for the polymorphism of the α-actinin 3 gene R577X (RR, RX and XX). Blood samples were collected at pre-season, post-game 24 and 48 hours, for determination of creatine kinase concentration. Heart rate, distance covered and sprints were analyzed during the match to determine the physical demand for the game. One-way ANOVA with repeated measurements with post-hoc Tuckey was performed for the comparison of creatine kinase concentrations at baseline, 24 and 48 hours. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measurements with post hoc Bonferroni was performed to compare effort intensity and displacement categories between the first and second play time. A significance level of p≤0.05 was adopted. Results: There is a greater proportion of the RX genotype in relation to the RR and XX genotype in the study sample. There was a statistical reduction of 3.2% of effort intensity and 6.6% of the displacement traveled from the first to the second playing time, as well as a 13.6% and 9.6% increase in slow respectively. There was a statistical increase in creatine kinase concentration from moments after play to baseline, and a 48 hour reduction over 24 hours. Discussion: The low proportion of the RR genotype and the R allele found in this study may suggest that in this sample there is a lower potential for performance of high intensity motor actions. This can be observed when analyzing the physical performance and markers of muscle damage resulting from the games. When analyzing the muscle damage found, it can be verified that the magnitude of creatine kinase concentrations are lower than what is found in players, which can be explained by the lower performance in high intensity performed by the sample of this study. The kinetics of the intensity of effort and the displacement of the players during a game found in this study is equivalent to that found in other studies for players. However, these findings do not correspond in magnitude of values. Conclusion: It was possible to conclude from this study that the Brazilian C Series players evaluated have a lower potential for the development of high intensity motor actions during football matches.